Pteropodine acts as a positive modulator of muscarinic M(1) and 5-HT(2) receptors. Pteropodine shows antigenotoxic, antioxidant and lymphocyte induction effects, it also shows strong apoptotic effect on acute leukaemic lymphoblasts.
Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is an effective calcium mobilization second messenger, which is synthesized from NAD + by ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose mainly increases cytosolic calcium through Ryanodine receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum release