dose-dependent

MCL0020 是一种有效的选择性黑素皮质素MC4受体拮抗剂，IC50为 11.63 nM。它剂量依赖性减轻束缚应激诱发的厌食症，在体内表现出抗焦虑样活性。

Obestatin is a 23 amino acid peptide hormone with a conserved C-terminal glycine residue and amidation site that is formed by cleavage of the ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide.1It binds to the orphan receptor GPR39 (Kd= 1 nM) and stimulates cAMP production in CHO and HEK293 cells overexpressing human GPR39. Obestatin inhibits contraction of isolated mouse jejunum muscle strips induced by ghrelin .In vivo, obestatin (12.5-1,000 nmol/kg) suppresses food intake in a time- and dose-dependent manner and reduces body weight gain and gastric emptying in mice. Obestatin (0.22 g per animal) also reduces food intake and glucose response without affecting plasma insulin responses in fasted high-fat diet fed mice.2 1.Zhang, J.V., Ren, P.C., Avsian-Kretchmer, O., et al.Obestatin, a peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene, opposes ghrelin's effects on food intakeScience310(5750)996-999(2005) 2.Subasinghage, A.P., Green, B.D., Flatt, P.R., et al.Metabolic and structural properties of human obestatin {1-23} and two fragment peptidesPeptides31(9)1697-1705(2010)

Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011). Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4 References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011).

Adrenomedullin (13-52) is a truncated form of adrenomedullin (1-52) . It induces nitric oxide-dependent relaxation of and inhibits release of angiotensin II and endothelin-1 from isolated rat aorta. In vivo, adrenomedullin (13-52) decreases mean arterial pressure (MAP) in spontaneously and renal hypertensive rats in a dose-dependent manner. Adrenomedullin (13-52) (10-3,000 ng per animal) reverses increases in lobar arterial pressure induced by U-46619 in a dose-dependent manner in cats but has no effect on basal lobar arterial pressure or systemic arterial pressure. It also potentiates inflammatory edema and neutrophil accumulation in rats.

Obestatin (human) 是一种由 preproghrelin 经过剪切形成的G蛋白欧联实体39的内源性配体，可以剂量依赖的方式抑制进食，可用于研究肥胖。

GLP-1(7-36), amide (MKC 253) 是一种生理性肠降血糖素，能够刺激胰岛素分泌。

ND1-YL2 is a peptide-based PROTAC®Degrader of steroid receptor co-activator 1 (SRC-1; also known as nuclear receptor coactivator 1, NCOA1). ND1-YL2 is composed of a stapled peptide that binds SRC-1 (YL2) joined by a linker to a tetrapeptide that binds UBR box domains. Upon ternary complex formation, SRC-1 is polyubiquitinated and subsequently degraded via the N-degron pathway. This Degrader induces dose-dependent degradation of SRC-1 in the MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cell line (DC50 = 10 μM), and binds to the PAS-B domain of SRC-1 (Ki = 320 nM). ND1-YL2 inhibits MDA-MB-231 cell migrationin vitro, and suppresses metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cellsin vivo.

Galantide TFA 是一种可逆的非特异性甘丙肽 galanin(GAL)受体拮抗剂。Galantide TFA 剂量依赖性显示出对 galanin 诱导的 K+电导的拮抗作用，IC50值为 4 nM。Galantide TFA 可用于神经疾病和激素代谢的研究。

GIP (1-30) amide, human acetate 为葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽（GIP）的片段，作为一种肠降血糖素激素，它能在10^-9至10^-6M的剂量范围内，依赖剂量地促进胰岛素的分泌，并有效减缓餐后血糖波动。

Beinaglutide 是一种重组人 GLP-1(rhGLP-1) 多肽，与人 GLP-1(7-36) 具有几乎 100% 的同源性。Beinaglutide 在血糖控制、抑制食物摄入和胃排空和促进体重减轻方面表现出依赖于剂量的作用。Beinaglutide 具有研究超重/肥胖和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH) 的潜力。

Cdk2/Cyclin Inhibitory Peptide II (Tat-LDL) 是一种 CDK2抑制剂，能以剂量依赖的方式杀死 U2OS 骨肉瘤细胞。

m3-Huwentoxin IV (m3-HwTx-IV) 是针对多种 hNaV 子型的有效 NaV 抑制剂，其 IC50 值针对 hNaV1.7、hNaV1.6、hNaV1.3、hNaV1.1、hNaV1.2 和 hNaV1.4 分别为 3.3、6.8、7.2、8.4、11.9 和 369 nM。该化合物还能剂量依赖性地抑制 OD1 激活剂诱导的小鼠 NaV1.7 导致的疼痛反应。

Xenin-8 TFA为Xenin的C端八肽段，同时是其生物活性片段。该化合物隶属于神经降压素/xenopsin家族多肽中。它能激发基础胰岛素的分泌并剂量依赖性地加强胰岛素对葡萄糖反应(EC50=0.16 nM)。

Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) (58-78)为T细胞增殖激活剂，以剂量依赖性方式增强人外周血单核细胞(PBMC)的体外增殖，适用于癌症与炎症免疫研究。

Tityustoxin-Kα (TsTx-Kα) 为钾电压门控通道抑制剂，表现出对培养的海马神经元持续外向电流的剂量依赖性阻断作用。

NN1177为一种长效GLP-1/胰高血糖素受体共激动剂，其能够在饮食诱导肥胖(DIO)小鼠中引发剂量依赖性的体重下降。NN1177适用于减肥与代谢控制研究领域。

L17E是一种针对晚期内体(LE)特异性膜裂解活性的内体溶解肽，归类为阳离子两亲肽。它通过细胞内吞作用进入细胞，并运输到LE。在LE酸性环境下，L17E能干扰并裂解LE膜，引发膜破裂及LE内容物释放至胞质溶胶。该肽用于探究内体蛋白运输路径。

ATV041是一种结合了布洛芬和核苷酸类似物的口服活性化合物。该化合物优化了口服药物动力学(PK)特性和组织分布，显示出对抗小鼠肝炎病毒(MHV)的能力。ATV041能够剂量依赖性地降低病毒载量，减少组织损伤并减轻病毒引发的炎症。

Tianeptine metabolite MC5是一种来自非典型抗抑郁化合物tianeptine的活性代谢物，通过β-氧化形成。此代谢物在使用表达人类μ-阿片受体（MOR）而非人类δ-阿片受体（DOR；EC50s = 0.454和 >100 µM, 分别）的HEK293T细胞进行的生物发光共振能量转移(BRET)试验中，特异性诱导G蛋白激活。在野生型小鼠上，30 mg/kg剂量的Tianeptine metabolite MC5可减少强迫游泳测试中的静止时间，但在MOR敲除小鼠中则不会，表明其具有MOR依赖的抗抑郁样活性。

Cathelicidin-2 (CATH-2) (128-153) 是一种合成抗菌肽，对应于鸡CATH-2的128至153个氨基酸。该化合物对E. coli、S. aureus、S. enteritidis和B. globigii展示出浓度依赖性的活性。CATH-2 (128-153) (40 µM) 可诱导孤立的鸡红细胞溶解，但对孤立的人外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)无细胞毒性。它能促进化学因子(C-C-基序)配体2 (CCL2)的产生，并抑制LPS诱导的TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8和IL-10在孤立的人PBMCs中的产生。

EPI-X4是一种源于人血清白蛋白408-423氨基酸的内源性肽段，是趋化因子(C-X-C基序)受体4 (CXCR4)的拮抗剂。在0.8至1,000µM的浓度范围内，EPI-X4能抑制表达CXCR4的HEK293细胞中由趋化因子(C-X-C基序)配体12 (CXCL12)诱发的钙离子动员和受体内化。EPI-X4还能抑制CXCL12诱导的Jurkat T细胞和人类CD34+造血干细胞的迁移。体内实验中，EPI-X4（16µmol/kg）在急性过敏性气道高嗜酸性粒细胞疾病的小鼠模型中减少了Cxcr4依赖的炎症细胞气道浸润。慢性肾脏病患者尿液中EPI-X4的水平增高，并与肾小球滤过率(GFR)成反比。

Carperitide acetate (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine Acetate) 是一种由 28 个氨基酸组成的激素，由心脏产生并分泌，以响应心脏损伤和机械拉伸。Carperitide acetate 抑制内皮素-1 (endothelin-1) 分泌。

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (18-39), also known as the Corticotropin-like Intermediate Lobe Peptide, stimulates insulin secretion as well as amylase and protein secretion in a dose-dependent manner similar to secretin and carbamylcholine.

Potent and selective melanocortin 4 (MC4) receptor agonist (IC50 values are 0.58 and 55 nM for human MC4 and MC3 receptors respectively). Produces a rapid and dose dependent restoration of cardiovascular and respiratory function in hemorrhage-shocked rats