protein ,response

Thapsigargin 属于天然产物，是一种肌/内质网 Ca2+ ATP 酶 (SERCA) 的抑制剂，也是一种内质网应激诱导剂。Thapsigargin 通过阻断细胞将钙泵入肌浆和内质网的能力来提高胞浆钙浓度。

Tacrolimus monohydrate (LCP-Tacro) 是大环内酯类化合物，它与 FK506 结合蛋白 (FKBP) 结合形成复合物并抑制钙调神经磷酸酶，从而抑制 T 淋巴细胞信号转导和 IL-2 转录。具有强免疫抑制特性。

Fibrin 是血凝块的主要成分，为一种不溶性蛋白质，对凝血过程至关重要。这种蛋白质从牛血中分离出来，特别是在出血时合成。

Nemorosone is a polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAP) originally isolated from C. rosea that has antiproliferative properties.1 Nemorosone inhibits growth of NB69, Kelly, SK-N-AS, and LAN-1 neuroblastoma cells (IC50s = 3.1-6.3 μM), including several drug-resistant clones, but not MRC-5 human embryonic fibroblasts (IC50 = >40 μM).2 It increases DNA fragmentation in LAN-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and decreases N-Myc protein levels and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by MEK1/2. Nemorosone also inhibits growth of Capan-1, AsPC-1, and MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 4.5-5.0 μM following a 72-hour treatment) but not human dermal and foreskin fibroblasts (IC50s = >35 μM).1 It induces apoptosis, abolishes the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increases cytosolic calcium concentration in pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Nemorosone activates the caspase cascade in a dose-dependent manner and inhibits cell cycle progression, increasing the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase, in both neuroblastoma and pancreatic cancer cells.1,2 Nemorosone (50 mg/kg, i.p., per day) also reduces tumor growth in an MIA-PaCa-2 mouse xenograft model.3References1. Holtrup, F., Bauer, A., Fellenberg, K., et al. Microarray analysis of nemorosone-induced cytotoxic effects on pancreatic cancer cells reveals activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Br. J. Pharmacol. 162(5), 1045-1059 (2011).2. Díaz-Carballo, D., Malak, S., Bardenheuer, W., et al. Cytotoxic activity of nemorosone in neuroblastoma cells. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 12(6B), 2598-2608 (2008).3. Wold, R.J., Hilger, R.A., Hoheisel, J.D., et al. In vivo activity and pharmacokinetics of nemorosone on pancreatic cancer xenografts. PLoS One 8(9), e74555 (2013). Nemorosone is a polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAP) originally isolated from C. rosea that has antiproliferative properties.1 Nemorosone inhibits growth of NB69, Kelly, SK-N-AS, and LAN-1 neuroblastoma cells (IC50s = 3.1-6.3 μM), including several drug-resistant clones, but not MRC-5 human embryonic fibroblasts (IC50 = >40 μM).2 It increases DNA fragmentation in LAN-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and decreases N-Myc protein levels and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by MEK1/2. Nemorosone also inhibits growth of Capan-1, AsPC-1, and MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 4.5-5.0 μM following a 72-hour treatment) but not human dermal and foreskin fibroblasts (IC50s = >35 μM).1 It induces apoptosis, abolishes the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increases cytosolic calcium concentration in pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Nemorosone activates the caspase cascade in a dose-dependent manner and inhibits cell cycle progression, increasing the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase, in both neuroblastoma and pancreatic cancer cells.1,2 Nemorosone (50 mg/kg, i.p., per day) also reduces tumor growth in an MIA-PaCa-2 mouse xenograft model.3 References1. Holtrup, F., Bauer, A., Fellenberg, K., et al. Microarray analysis of nemorosone-induced cytotoxic effects on pancreatic cancer cells reveals activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Br. J. Pharmacol. 162(5), 1045-1059 (2011).2. Díaz-Carballo, D., Malak, S., Bardenheuer, W., et al. Cytotoxic activity of nemorosone in neuroblastoma cells. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 12(6B), 2598-2608 (2008).3. Wold, R.J., Hilger, R.A., Hoheisel, J.D., et al. In vivo activity and pharmacokinetics of nemorosone on pancreatic cancer xenografts. PLoS One 8(9), e74555 (2013).

Polygalasaponin F 是从瓜子金中提取的齐墩果烷型三萜皂苷，可通过调节TLR4-PI3K/AKT-NF-kB 信号通路减少神经炎症细胞因子的分泌，能降低炎性细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子 α 的释放。

Kaurenoic acid (kaurenoate) 是一种二萜，来源于 Sphagneticola trilobata 中，可以抑制细胞因子的产生和激活 NO–cyclic GMP–PKG–ATP- 敏感型钾通道信号通路，并抑制炎症疼痛。

Kuwanon G (Moracenin B) 是一种从桑树中得到的黄酮类蛙皮素受体拮抗剂，具有杀菌作用。

Dihydrocurcumin 是姜黄素的主要代谢物，具有减少脂肪积累和减少氧化应激反应的作用。Dihydrocurcumin 可调控SREBP-1C，PNPLA3 和 PPARα 的 mRNA 和蛋白表达水平，使pAKT 和 PI3K 的蛋白表达水平增高，通过 Nrf2 信号通路使细胞胞内 NO 和 ROS 的含量减少。

GUANOSINE 3':5'-CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHATE SOD (cGMP sodium salt) 也称为 cGMP，是一种细胞调节剂，被描述为第二信使。它的水平随着各种激素的增加而增加，包括乙酰胆碱、胰岛素和催产素。 cGMP 激活蛋白激酶 G(PKG) 并调节离子通道电导，信号传导影响多种过程，包括平滑肌松弛和增殖、光转导和能量稳态。

Acetylshikonin 来源于紫草根，具有抗癌、抗炎作用。它是一种 AChE 抑制剂，具有很强的抗凋亡活性。它是一种非选择性的细胞色素 P450抑制剂，对所有 P450 亚型抑制的 IC50值范围为 1.4-4.0 μM。

Kaurenoic acid (Standard) 是 Kaurenoic acid 的标准品。适用于定量分析、质量控制及生化实验等相关研究。Kaurenoic acid (kaurenoate) 是一种二萜，来源于 Sphagneticola trilobata 中，可以抑制细胞因子的产生和激活 NO–cyclic GMP–PKG–ATP- 敏感型钾通道信号通路，并抑制炎症疼痛。

Harziphilone 展现出对革兰氏阳性菌的微弱抗菌活性以及抗肿瘤特性，对淋巴细胞白血病 L1210 和白血病 P388 具有抑制效应，其 IC50为 0.26 μg/mL。它还可以抑制病毒颗粒调节（REV）蛋白与 [33P]标记的病毒颗粒调节效应元件（RRE）RNA 的结合，IC50为 2.0 μM。

Mycothiazole 是一种线粒体电子传递链 (ETC) 复合物 I 的抑制剂，在癌细胞 Huh7 (IC50为 55.8 μM)、U87 和 MCF7 中展现出细胞毒性，并在 Huh7 中诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。它通过调节未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR) 和热休克反应 (HSR) 相关的转录因子 ATFS-1 和 HSF1，延长 C. elegans 的寿命。

1β,6α-Dihydroxyeudesm-4(15)-ene (Voleneol,DE) can attenuate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in BV2 microglial cells, it also can dose-dependently suppress the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenas

Kamebakaurin (Kamebakaurine) 是一种提取自Isodon japonicus 中的天然产物，是一种NF-κB 的抑制剂，能够抑制 p50 的 DNA 结合活性。