Mycothiazole is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I. It exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells Huh7 (IC50 of 55.8 μM), U87, and MCF7. In Huh7 cells, Mycothiazole induces apoptosis (apoptosis). Additionally, Mycothiazole extends the lifespan of C. elegans by modulating transcription factors ATFS-1 and HSF1, which are associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR) and heat shock response (HSR).