AS2863619 free base enables the conversion of antigen-specific effector memory T cells into Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. It is a potent, orally active CDK8 and CDK19 inhibitor (IC50s: 0.61 nM and 4.28 nM). STAT5 activation enhanced by AS2863619 free base inhibition of CDK8 19, which consequently activates the Foxp3 gene.
BHPI is a potent inhibitor of nuclear estrogen–ERα-regulated gene expression. Elicits sustained ERα-dependent activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress sensor, the unfolded protein response (UPR), and persistent inhibition of protein synthesis.
Smoothened (SMO) is a GPCR-like receptor which, with Patched, mediates hedgehog signaling to regulate gene expression through the Gli transcription factors. 20(S)-hydroxy Cholesterol (20(S)-OHC) is an oxysterol which binds SMO and activates hedgehog signaling (EC50 = 3 μM), and this activation is selective for the nat-20(S)-OHC enantiomer. Nat-20(S)-OHC synergizes with the SMO agonist SAG, suggesting an allosteric effect. Nat-20(S)-yne is a form of nat-20(S)-OHC with a terminal alkyne group, which can be used in linking reactions known as click chemistry. Click chemistry involves highly dependable and specific azide-alkyne bioconjugation reactions and can be used to capture or immobilize bioactive molecules. Thus, nat-20(S)-yne has been conjugated with magnetic beads to demonstrate that nat-20(S)-OHC directly binds SMO.
APC-0576 is an (S,S)-isomer which inhibits NF-kappaB-dependent gene activation. APC-0576 may prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced chemokine production in human endothelial cells.