YW3-56 is a potent peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1-5 μM for PAD4.
Compared with Cl-amidine, YW3-56 shows >60-fold increase in cell growth inhibition efficacy (IC50 about 2.5 μM) but only 5-fold increase in PAD4 inhibition (IC sub>50 about 1-5 μM). At 2-4 μM concentrations, YW3-56 displays mainly cytostatic effects by slowing cell division, whereas at higher concentrations, it exerts cytotoxic effects by altering cell morphology and killing cells[1].
[1]. Wang Y, et al. Anticancer peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitors regulate the autophagy flux and t he mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 activity. J Biol Chem. 2012 Jul 27;287(31):25941-53.
Anticancer agent 56 (compound 4d) is a powerful anti-cancer compound with favorable drug-like properties. It shows significant anticancer activity against multiple cancer cell lines, with an IC50 value of less than 3 μM. Anticancer agent 56 exerts its effects by causing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Mechanistically, it induces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), upregulates BAX, downregulates Bcl-2, and triggers the activation of caspases 3, 7, and 9 [1].