aif

Naphthazarin (5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) 是来自毛紫草的一种天然产物，通过氧化应激、线粒体凋亡诱导因子的激活、微管的解聚、干扰溶酶体功能和 p53 依赖性 p21 激活，可触发细胞凋亡并具有抗肿瘤作用。

Ciglitazone (ADD 3878) 是一种强效和选择性的PPARγ激动剂(EC50：3μM)和口服降糖药。Ciglitazone 抑制th17细胞的增殖和分化，降低胰岛素水平、血管内皮生长因子的产生和血压，诱导胃癌细胞的细胞周期停止。Ciglitazone 能诱导负鼠肾上皮细胞的凋亡，激活p38 MAPK 和凋亡诱导因子(AIF)的核转位。 Ciglitazone 在肥胖症和高血糖症的动物模型中表现出降血糖活性。

AVN-944 (VX-944) 是一种选择性的、非竞争性 IMPDH 抑制剂，对IMPDH1和IMPDH2的Ki=为6-10nM。

1-[2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (Xanthohumol) 是一种从蛇麻草中提纯的具有多种生物功能的天然产物。黄腐酚对 HIV-1 有效，可能是一种有趣的先导化合物。它可能代表一种用于 HIV-1 感染的新型化疗药物。

Guaifenesin (Guaiphenesin) 是一种祛痰剂，来自于 Guajacum officinale Linné 木材中。它可以增加痰液体积和降低其粘度，缓解咳嗽不适，促进有效的咳嗽。

Ridaifen-B, a tamoxifen derivative, works by inducing independent autophagy of Bcl-2, without estrogen receptor involvement.

Guaifenesin-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of guaifenesin by GC- or LC-MS. Guaifenesin is an expectorant. It inhibits production of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), reduces mucus viscosity and elasticity, and increases the mucociliary transport rate of endogenous particles in primary human tracheobronchial epithelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Guaifenesin increases phenol red secretion, a marker of expectorant activity, in rats.3 Formulations containing guaifenesin have been used as expectorants in the treatment of the common cold and chronic bronchitis.

IFN alpha-IFNAR-IN-1 hydrochloride 是 IFN-α 和 IFNAR 相互作用的抑制剂。 IFN alpha-IFNAR-IN-1 hydrochloride 抑制 BM-pDCs 的 MVA 诱导的 IFN-α 反应，IC50 为 2-8 μM。

IFN alpha-IFNAR-IN-1 is a nonpeptidic, low-molecular-weight inhibitor of the interaction between IFN-α and IFNAR. It inhibits MVA-induced IFN-α responses by BM-pDCs (IC50: 2-8 μM).

StA-IFN-1 is an inhibitor of the interferon (IFN) induction pathway with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM in a GFP reporter assay for IFN induction similar to TPCA-1 , which specifically inhibits the IKKβ component of the IFN induction pathway. It does not show inhibitory activity in a GFP reporter assay for IFN signaling in which ruxolitinib , which is specific for the IFN signaling component JAK1, is active. StA-IFN-1 reduces the levels of IFN-β, but not ISG MxA, mRNA, suggesting that it is selective for the IFN induction pathway and not the IFN signaling pathway.

Glimepiride urethane is a third generation sulfonylurea compound, which increases the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. In addition, glimepiride increases the activity of intracellular insulin receptors. Glimepiride increases osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, which is thought to be related to its ability to activate the PI3K and Akt pathway. Furthermore, Glimepiride enhances intrinsic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activity. Glimepiride also increases protein expression of glucose transports 1 and 4, and is a potent KIR channel blocker.

Dehydrobruceine B 是一种苦木素，可从鸦胆子 (Brucea javanica) 中分离得到。Dehydrobruceine B 与 Cisplatin 通过线粒体途径，协同诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。Dehydrobruceine B 还增加凋亡诱导因子 (AIF) 和 Bax 表达，抑制 Keap1-Nrf2。

MKA031（compound 6y）作为一种非竞争性MIF抑制剂，展现出1.7 μM的IC50。该化合物能够阻断MIF AIF相互作用、抑制MIF核内转移，并干预MNNG所诱发的细胞死亡。MKA031主要用于研究慢性丙型肝炎病毒感染。