Shizukaol B exerts anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-activated microglia partly by modulating JNK-AP-1 signaling pathway; it also shows significant anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting nitric-oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV-2 microglial cells with relatively low cytotoxicity. Shizukaol B exhibits anti-HIV-1 replication activities in both wild-type HIV-1 and two NNRTIs-resistant strains, it also has significant cytotoxicities against C8166 cells. Shizukaol B prevents monocyte adhesion to HUVEC through the inhibition of cell adhesion molecules expression stimulated by TNF-alpha.