co-factor

Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (Methoxatin disodium salt) 一种阴离子型氧化还原循环原醌，作为氧化还原辅助因子。它是从嗜甲基细菌的培养物中分离的，也存在于哺乳动物的组织。它是哺乳动物的必需营养素，对免疫功能很重要。

Pyrroloquinoline quinone 是氧化还原辅助因子，一种阴离子型氧化还原循环原醌。它是哺乳动物的必需营养素，对免疫功能很重要。它是从嗜甲基细菌的培养物中分离的，也存在于哺乳动物的组织。

α-Lipoic Acid (DL-α-Lipoic acid) 是线粒体酶复合物的重要辅助因子，是一种抗氧化剂，可抑制NF-κB 依赖性的HIV-1LTR 活化。它还可诱导内质网应激介导的肝癌细胞凋亡。

NADPH tetrasodium salt 是电子受体烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸的还原形式，在各种生物反应中充当电子供体。NADPH tetrasodium salt 也是一种内源性铁死亡抑制剂。

NH-3是一种高效的口服活性甲状腺激素受体（THR）拮抗剂，具有可逆行为，其IC 50为55 nM。NH-3源自选择性甲状腺激素模拟物GC-1，有效地抑制甲状腺激素与相应受体的结合，从而阻碍辅因子的招募。

H-D-Phe-Pip-Arg-pNA dihydrochloride (S-2238 dihydrochloride )是一种显色底物，模仿了纤维蛋白原Aα链N端片段，即凝血酶的天然底物。H-D-Phe-Pip-Arg-pNA dihydrochloride 专为凝血酶检测而设计，用于抗凝血酶-肝素辅因子(AT-III)的定量。利用该底物的AT-III检测方法以其灵敏度、准确性和实施的便捷性而特别闻名。

Coenzyme A 是所有活细胞中必需的辅助因子，由泛酸，三磷酸腺苷和半胱氨酸合成的。Coenzyme A 与过氧化物酶 5 共价结合导致其过氧化物酶活性完全抑制，通过 DTT 还原能够逆转。Coenzyme A 及其硫酯衍生物是主要分解代谢，合成代谢途径和基因表达调控的关键参与者。

Heparin cofactor II precursor fragment [Homo sapiens] is a peptide with the sequence H2N-Tyr-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Ile-His-Asn-Leu-Phe-Arg-OH, MW=1406.58.

Heparin cofactor II precursor (SERPIND1) fragment [Homo sapiens] is a peptide with the sequence H2N-Phe-Thr-Val-Asp-Arg- Pro-Phe-Leu-Phe-Leu-Ile-Tyr-Glu-His-Arg-OH, MW=1953.25.

Folitixorin calcium is an antineoplastic enhancing agent.

Nolatrexed dihydrochloride (Thymitaq) 是一种非竞争性的胸苷酸合酶抑制剂，能够在癌细胞 S 期诱导细胞周期停滞，具有抗癌活性。它与该酶的叶酸辅因子结合位点相互作用，对人胸苷酸合酶的Ki 值为 11 nM。

Rociletinib (CNX-419) 是一种可口服的EGFR 抑制剂，能够抑制 EGFRL858R/T790M 和 EGFRWT 的活性，IC50值分别为 21.5 nM 和 303.3 nM。

Mal-amido-PEG2-C2-amido-Ph-C2-CO-AZD (PF-05231023) 是一种属于 PEG 类的 PROTAC linker，可用于 PROTAC 的合成分子。

Fasnall 是一种选择性 FASN 抑制剂，通过其辅因子结合位点起作用。 Fasnall 在 HER2(+) 乳腺癌的 MMTV-Neu 模型中显示出有效的抗肿瘤活性，尤其是与卡铂联合使用时。

Fasnall HCl 是一种FASN 选择性抑制剂，通过其辅助因子结合位点起作用。Fasnall HCl 在HER2(+)乳腺癌MMTV-Neu 模型中也显示出强大的抗肿瘤活性，特别是与卡铂联合使用时。

HPI-1 (hydrate) is a Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor that suppresses signaling through Sonic Hh (IC50= 1.5 μM) without significantly affecting Wnt signaling (IC50≥ 30 μM).1HPI-1 suppresses Hh activation induced by loss of Suppressor of Fused or by Gli overexpression, suggesting action at posttranslational modification of Gli protein or at the interaction of Gli with a co-factor.1HPI-1 (hydrate) also inhibits signaling through the oncogenic Smoothened (Smo) mutant SmoM2 in neuron precursors, preventing cell proliferation.1 1.Hyman, J.M., Firestone, A.J., Heine, V.M., et al.Small-molecule inhibitors reveal multiple strategies for Hedgehog pathway blockadeProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America106(33)14132-14137(2009)

Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011). Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4 References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011).

Phospholipid-PEG-Biotin (MW 2000) 是一种PROTAClinker，属于 PEG 类。可用于合成PROTAC 分子。Phospholipid 是一类含有亲水“头”和疏水“尾”的脂类；PEG 是一种低毒性的亲水水溶性聚合物；生物素是一种酶辅因子，可用于标记蛋白质。

Phospholipid-PEG-Biotin (MW 5000)为含有磷脂的PEG衍生物，适用于脂质体和细胞表面的修饰，及胰岛细胞移植。Phospholipid具亲水性“头部”与疏水性“尾部”结构，PEG为亲水性低毒聚合物，生物素则作为酶辅因子，用于蛋白质标记。

CARM1 degrader-1 (compound 3b) 是一种针对co-activator associated argininemethyltransferase (CARM1) 的降解剂，其DC50为8.1 nM。它通过VHL和蛋白酶体依赖的途径降解CARM1，从而抑制了CARM1底物（例如PABP1和BAF155）的甲基化，进而抑制乳腺癌细胞的迁移。

CARM1 degrader-2 (compound 3e) 是一种效能高的CARM1降解剂，其DC50为8.8 nM。该化合物通过VHL途径及蛋白酶体作用实现CARM1的降解，进而抑制其底物PABP1和BAF155的甲基化作用，能够有效抑制乳腺癌细胞迁移。