epithelium

Dinoprost (Prostaglandin F2a) 是口服有效的、内源性的前列腺素 F 受体激动剂。它是在子宫内膜腔上皮和黄体中局部产生的溶酶激素。它在分娩过程中起关键作用。

Dinoprost tromethamine salt (PGF2α THAM) 是一种口服有效的前列腺素 F 受体激动剂。它是在子宫内膜腔上皮和黄体中局部产生的溶酶激素，在分娩过程中起关键作用。

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 36,000 - 50,000) 是一种中等分子量的聚阴离子葡聚糖衍生物，具有较强的肠上皮透过能力，是最常用的炎症性肠病（IBD）造模药物，可有效诱导急性和慢性结肠炎。Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 36,000 - 50,000)其机制可能涉及巨噬细胞功能失调和肠道菌群紊乱，具有结肠上皮毒性，故长期使用也可诱导结肠癌模型。

Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E) 是一种能够从视网膜色素上皮的脂褐素中分离到的荧光团，是一种亲脂性阳离子，也是弱光敏剂，具有细胞毒性。Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E 在蓝光诱导条件下促进细胞凋亡，在光活化介导下诱导自噬。当以高浓度呈递给膜时，Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E 诱导膜完整性的浓度依赖性丧失，破坏膜稳定性的趋势。

GS-9191是一种DNA 聚合酶α和ß 的强效抑制剂 ，是一种新型核苷类似物9-(2-膦酰甲氧基乙基)鸟嘌呤(PMEG)的原药 ，可渗透皮肤并在上皮层代谢为活性核苷三磷酸类似物。GS-9191具有抗增殖活性，以剂量相关的方式减少乳头瘤的大小。GS-9191可能对治疗HPV 引起的病变有作用。

Sofalcone (SU-88) 可诱导血红素加氧酶-1在胃肠上皮中的表达，是一种抗胃溃疡剂。

D-Kynurenine (ZINC901103) 是 D-色氨酸的代谢物和 GPR109B 的激动剂。 D-Kynurenine 激活 AhR 并促进上皮细胞向间充质的转化。 D-Kynurenine 在 D-氨基酸氧化酶的荧光分析中用作底物。

Duramycin is a cyclic peptide lantibiotic derived from Streptomyces cinnamoneuma. Duramycin interacts with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and has antibacterial, antiviral effects. Duramycin stimulates chloride secretion in airway epithelium and has the potential for cystic fibrosis treatment.

RS-246204是一种R-spondin-1的替代化合物，能够在不含R-spondin-1的培养基中启动和维持肠的类器官，在DSS诱导的结肠炎模型中激活R-spondin依赖性通路并促进损伤肠上皮的再生。

CRX 527 是 TLR4 的配体，同时也是肽类癌症疫苗的佐剂，具备增强抗肿瘤免疫反应的潜力。CRX 527 还能诱导 HSC 分化，增加 LSK 细胞的比例和数量，促进其向巨噬细胞的分化，从而激活免疫防御，保护肠道上皮免受放射损伤。

Anti-inflammatory agent 86 是一种Chrysin衍生物，具有抗炎特性。它能够抑制TNF-α诱导的单核细胞对结肠上皮的粘附，其IC50为4.71 μM。该化合物在炎症性肠病（IBD）研究中展现出潜在应用价值。

Amb929 (ZINC000002782982)，作为一种nsp3配体，是抗 SARS-CoV-2 的药物。其在 VeroE6 细胞中抑制 SARS-CoV-2-mNG 复制的 EC50 为 34.7 µM。Amb929 对 VeroE6 细胞的细胞毒性适中且有限 (CC50: 281 µM)，并能够抑制人呼吸道上皮 (HAE) 中 SARS-CoV-2-mNG 的复制。

SC 32855 is a 1,4-benzodiazepine that has been shown to arrest of spermatogenesis and degeneration of the germinal epithelium.

SCH 12223 is a unique drug that protects the stomach and intestinal epithelium from harmful irritation.

STA 2 is an analogue of TXA2, a thromboxane receptor in the colonic epithelium.

Sucrose octasulfate (SOS), a component of the gastrointestinal protectant sucralfate, is an alkaline aluminum-sucrose complex that inhibits peptic hydrolysis and raises gastric pH, protecting esophageal epithelium against acid injury. It can bind to exosite II of thrombin (KD = ~1.4 μM) and inhibit its catalytic activity (IC50 = 4.5 μM) and, as such, has been used as a surrogate for heparin. Furthermore, SOS has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in mouse melanoma and lung carcinoma models by preventing fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) binding to endothelial cells and also by removing any pre-bound FGF-2 from these cells (IC50 = ~2 μg/ml).

11-cis Retinol是一种维生素A的异构体，是红杆视蛋白的激动剂和红锥视蛋白的反向激动剂。

LL-37 is a cationic and α-helical antimicrobial peptide expressed in human bone marrow, testis, granulocytes, and gingival epithelium and is upregulated in psoriatic lesions. It inhibits growth of Gram-positive E. coli D21 and Gram-negative B. megatarium in a concentration-dependent manner and LL-37 expression is induced in A549 epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and monocyte-derived macrophages following M. tuberculosis infection. LL-37 binds sheep erythrocytes coated with S. minnesota Re-LPS and induces agglutination with a minimal agglutinating concentration (MAC) of 12.1 μg/ml. It is a chemoattractant for, and can induce calcium mobilization in, human monocytes, neutrophils, and T cells that naturally express formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) and FPRL1-transfected HEK293 cells. LL-37 (10-15 μM) pretreatment of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) reduces its infectivity as well as levels of viral genomic RNA and NS1 antigen. In vivo, LL-37 inhibits cecal ligation and puncture-induced caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis of peritoneal macrophages, reduces levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and improves survival in polybacterial septic mice.

Gaultherin 是一种分离自 Gaultheria yunnanensis 中的天然水杨酸酯衍生物。它是一种非甾体类抗炎药，具有止痛和抗炎作用，与 Aspirin 相比没有胃溃疡作用。

Lavendustin B 是一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，是 HIV-1 整合酶 (IN) 与其同源细胞辅助因子、晶状体上皮衍生生长因子 (LEDGF/p75) 相互作用的抑制剂。

Piriprost is a leukotriene inhibitor attenuates the smoke-induced increase in alveolar-capillary barrier permeability and decrease in plasminogen activator activity and causes a swelling of type I alveolar epithelium.

Y27632 HCl hydrate is an orally effective, ATP-competitive ROCK1/ROCK2 inhibitor (Ki=220 nM/300 nM) that inhibits caspase-3 and suppresses stem cell apoptosis induced by multiple conditions. It is suitable for studying induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) culture.

Myricetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside 抑制 A2E 光氧化诱导的RPE 细胞死亡。Myricetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside 对视网膜变性具有保护作用，可保护蓝光 (BL) 诱导对 RPE 细胞和小鼠模型的损伤。

Bezlotoxumab 是一种全人源单克隆抗体，能够特异性结合 Clostridium difficile 毒素 B。通过中和毒素，Bezlotoxumab 防止上皮损伤与结肠炎，从而降低 C. difficile 感染复发率并保护肠道完整性。