epithelium

Dinoprost (Prostaglandin F2a) 是口服有效的、内源性的前列腺素 F 受体激动剂。它是在子宫内膜腔上皮和黄体中局部产生的溶酶激素。它在分娩过程中起关键作用。

Dinoprost tromethamine salt (PGF2α THAM) 是一种口服有效的前列腺素 F 受体激动剂。它是在子宫内膜腔上皮和黄体中局部产生的溶酶激素，在分娩过程中起关键作用。

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 36,000 - 50,000) 是一种中等分子量的聚阴离子葡聚糖衍生物，具有较强的肠上皮透过能力，是最常用的炎症性肠病（IBD）造模药物，可有效诱导急性和慢性结肠炎。Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 36,000 - 50,000)其机制可能涉及巨噬细胞功能失调和肠道菌群紊乱，具有结肠上皮毒性，故长期使用也可诱导结肠癌模型。

Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E) 是一种能够从视网膜色素上皮的脂褐素中分离到的荧光团，是一种亲脂性阳离子，也是弱光敏剂，具有细胞毒性。Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E 在蓝光诱导条件下促进细胞凋亡，在光活化介导下诱导自噬。当以高浓度呈递给膜时，Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E 诱导膜完整性的浓度依赖性丧失，破坏膜稳定性的趋势。

GS-9191是一种DNA 聚合酶α和ß 的强效抑制剂 ，是一种新型核苷类似物9-(2-膦酰甲氧基乙基)鸟嘌呤(PMEG)的原药 ，可渗透皮肤并在上皮层代谢为活性核苷三磷酸类似物。GS-9191具有抗增殖活性，以剂量相关的方式减少乳头瘤的大小。GS-9191可能对治疗HPV 引起的病变有作用。

Sofalcone (SU-88) 可诱导血红素加氧酶-1在胃肠上皮中的表达，是一种抗胃溃疡剂。

D-Kynurenine (ZINC901103) 是 D-色氨酸的代谢物和 GPR109B 的激动剂。 D-Kynurenine 激活 AhR 并促进上皮细胞向间充质的转化。 D-Kynurenine 在 D-氨基酸氧化酶的荧光分析中用作底物。

Duramycin是一种来源于Streptomyces cinnamoneus的兰硫肽类抗生素（lantibiotic），属于抗菌肽。Duramycin可作为离子通道调节剂，用于囊性纤维化（CF）相关研究。

RS-246204是一种R-spondin-1的替代化合物，能够在不含R-spondin-1的培养基中启动和维持肠的类器官，在DSS诱导的结肠炎模型中激活R-spondin依赖性通路并促进损伤肠上皮的再生。

CRX 527 是 TLR4 的配体，同时也是肽类癌症疫苗的佐剂，具备增强抗肿瘤免疫反应的潜力。CRX 527 还能诱导 HSC 分化，增加 LSK 细胞的比例和数量，促进其向巨噬细胞的分化，从而激活免疫防御，保护肠道上皮免受放射损伤。

Anti-inflammatory agent 86 是一种Chrysin衍生物，具有抗炎特性。它能够抑制TNF-α诱导的单核细胞对结肠上皮的粘附，其IC50为4.71 μM。该化合物在炎症性肠病（IBD）研究中展现出潜在应用价值。

Amb929 (ZINC000002782982)，作为一种nsp3配体，是抗 SARS-CoV-2 的药物。其在 VeroE6 细胞中抑制 SARS-CoV-2-mNG 复制的 EC50 为 34.7 µM。Amb929 对 VeroE6 细胞的细胞毒性适中且有限 (CC50: 281 µM)，并能够抑制人呼吸道上皮 (HAE) 中 SARS-CoV-2-mNG 的复制。

SC 32855 is a 1,4-benzodiazepine that has been shown to arrest of spermatogenesis and degeneration of the germinal epithelium.

SCH 12223 is a unique drug that protects the stomach and intestinal epithelium from harmful irritation.

STA 2 is an analogue of TXA2, a thromboxane receptor in the colonic epithelium.

Sucrose octasulfate (SOS), a component of the gastrointestinal protectant sucralfate, is an alkaline aluminum-sucrose complex that inhibits peptic hydrolysis and raises gastric pH, protecting esophageal epithelium against acid injury. It can bind to exosite II of thrombin (KD = ~1.4 μM) and inhibit its catalytic activity (IC50 = 4.5 μM) and, as such, has been used as a surrogate for heparin. Furthermore, SOS has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in mouse melanoma and lung carcinoma models by preventing fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) binding to endothelial cells and also by removing any pre-bound FGF-2 from these cells (IC50 = ~2 μg/ml).

11-cis Retinol是一种维生素A的异构体，是红杆视蛋白的激动剂和红锥视蛋白的反向激动剂。

LL-37 is a cationic and α-helical antimicrobial peptide expressed in human bone marrow, testis, granulocytes, and gingival epithelium and is upregulated in psoriatic lesions. It inhibits growth of Gram-positive E. coli D21 and Gram-negative B. megatarium in a concentration-dependent manner and LL-37 expression is induced in A549 epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and monocyte-derived macrophages following M. tuberculosis infection. LL-37 binds sheep erythrocytes coated with S. minnesota Re-LPS and induces agglutination with a minimal agglutinating concentration (MAC) of 12.1 μg/ml. It is a chemoattractant for, and can induce calcium mobilization in, human monocytes, neutrophils, and T cells that naturally express formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) and FPRL1-transfected HEK293 cells. LL-37 (10-15 μM) pretreatment of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) reduces its infectivity as well as levels of viral genomic RNA and NS1 antigen. In vivo, LL-37 inhibits cecal ligation and puncture-induced caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis of peritoneal macrophages, reduces levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and improves survival in polybacterial septic mice.

Gaultherin 是一种分离自 Gaultheria yunnanensis 中的天然水杨酸酯衍生物。它是一种非甾体类抗炎药，具有止痛和抗炎作用，与 Aspirin 相比没有胃溃疡作用。

Lavendustin B 是一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，是 HIV-1 整合酶 (IN) 与其同源细胞辅助因子、晶状体上皮衍生生长因子 (LEDGF/p75) 相互作用的抑制剂。

Piriprost is a leukotriene inhibitor attenuates the smoke-induced increase in alveolar-capillary barrier permeability and decrease in plasminogen activator activity and causes a swelling of type I alveolar epithelium.

Y27632 HCl hydrate is an orally effective, ATP-competitive ROCK1/ROCK2 inhibitor (Ki=220 nM/300 nM) that inhibits caspase-3 and suppresses stem cell apoptosis induced by multiple conditions. It is suitable for studying induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) culture.

Myricetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside 抑制 A2E 光氧化诱导的RPE 细胞死亡。Myricetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside 对视网膜变性具有保护作用，可保护蓝光 (BL) 诱导对 RPE 细胞和小鼠模型的损伤。

Bezlotoxumab 是一种全人源单克隆抗体，能够特异性结合 Clostridium difficile 毒素 B。通过中和毒素，Bezlotoxumab 防止上皮损伤与结肠炎，从而降低 C. difficile 感染复发率并保护肠道完整性。