pacap

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) (6-27) is a PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50 values of 1,500, 600, and 300 nM, respectively, for rat PAC1, rat VPAC1, and human VPAC2 recombinant receptors expressed in CHO cells. It binds to PACAP receptors on SH-SY5Y and SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma and T47D human breast cancer cells (IC50s = 24.5, 106, and 105 nM, respectively) and inhibits cAMP accumulation induced by PACAP (1-38) (Kis = 457, 102, and 283 nM, respectively, in SH-SY5Y, SK-N-MC, and T47D cells). In vivo, in newborn pigs, PACAP (6-27) (10 μM) inhibits vasodilation of pial arterioles induced by PACAP (1-27) and PACAP (1-38) . It also inhibits PACAP (1-27)-stimulated increases in plasma insulin and glucagon levels and pancreatic venous blood flow in dogs when administered locally to the pancreas at a dose of 500 μg.

PACAP 1-38 acetate 是一种垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽 (PACAP) 类似物。它与 PACAP I 型受体 (IC50 = 4 nM) 和 PACAP II 型 VIP2 受体 (IC50 = 1 nM) 结合，但不与 PACAP II 型 VIP1 受体结合。

PACAP-related peptide (PRP) is an endogenous 29-amino acid peptide that belongs to the secretin/glucagon superfamily of peptides, which includes secretin , glucagon , glucagon-like peptide-1 , GLP-2 , and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide . It is expressed in rat hypothalamus as well as within the nerves of the median eminence, the anterior pituitary, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and amygdala. PRP is also expressed in vaginal, uterine cervical, uterine horn, fallopian tube, and ovarian tissues from the rat female genital tract and is present in extracts of male testis tissue.

PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat acetate 是 PAC1 受体的激活剂。PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat acetate 对交感神经元 NPY 和儿茶酚胺的产生具有强效、有效和持续的刺激作用，可用于神经营养和神经保护研究。

PACAP (6-27) (human, ovine, rat) 是一种对PACAP受体具有拮抗作用的化合物，可以抑制犬肾上腺对外源性VIP的反应。此化合物在心血管疾病和神经系统疾病研究中展现出应用潜力。

PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA，一种内源性神经肽，能有效促进胃窦运动，增强体液蛋白分泌，同时抑制胃泌素释放。此外，它刺激血管活性肠肽、胃泌素释放肽和P物质的释放，并通过RACK1增强N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体功能及脑源性神经营养因子表达。

PACAP (1-38) free acid 是一种具有多重生物功能的内源性神经肽，主要作用包括刺激胃窦运动、增进体液蛋白分泌、抑制胃泌素分泌，以及促进血管活性肠肽、胃泌素释放肽和P 物质的释放。此外，PACAP (1-38) free acid 通过与RACK1互作，可以增强N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体的功能并促进脑源性神经营养因子的表达。

[Arg-15,-20,-21,Leu17]-PACAP-Gly-Lys-Arg-NH2 (BM-PACAP) 为合成PACAP 1-27 类似物，展现出明显的松弛效应。

PACAP (1-38), a novel neuropeptide isolated from the bovine hypothalamus is more active than vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in stimulating adenylate cyclase (EC50=7 nM). PACAP 1-38 (10-9 M) increased substance P (SP), gastrin releasing peptide (GRP),

PACAP (1-27), human, ovine, rat TFA (PACAP 1-27 TFA), an N-terminal fragment of PACAP-38, is an effective PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50 values of 3 nM for rat PAC1, 2 nM for rat VPAC1, and 5 nM for human VPAC2.

PACAP (1-27) (the N-terminal fragment of PACAP-38) is a novel neuropeptides originally isolated from bovine hypothalamus, also found in humans and rats.

PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat (TFA), exhibits potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neurons.

PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50 values of 30 nM, 600 nM, and 40 nM for the PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2, respectively.

PACAP-38 (16-38), human, mouse, rat, exhibits potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production.

PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat, is a potent and selective antagonist of PACAP 38, outperforming PACAP (6-27) in inhibiting PACAP-27-stimulated pituitary adenylate cyclase.

PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat acetate 是一种有效的 PACAP 受体拮抗剂。PACAP (6-38) 作用于 PACAP I 型受体，PACAP II 型受体 VIP1 和 PACAP II 型受体 VIP2，IC50 分别为 30 nM，600 nM 和 40 nM。

PACAP-Related Peptide (PRP), human, a 29-amino acid region of the PACAP precursor protein, is synthesized in sufficient quantities for biological and structural studies.

PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide 38) 是含有 38 个氨基酸残基的神经肽。它能够结合 PACAP I 型受体(IC50:4 nM)、PACAP II 型受体 VIP1(IC50:2 nM)、PACAP II 型受体 VIP2(IC50:1 nM)。

PACAP-related peptide (PRP) is an endogenous 29-amino acid peptide that belongs to the secretin/glucagon superfamily of peptides, which includes secretin , glucagon , glucagon-like peptide-1 , GLP-2 , and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide . It is expressed in normal human pancreas and adrenal gland tissue and in some tumors that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). PRP (1-29) is secreted by CHO-K1 cells that express human recombinant preproPACAP.

PACAP (1-27), human, ovine, rat acetate (PACAP 1-27 acetate)(127317-03-7 free base) 是一种新的神经肽，最初从牛下丘脑中分离出来，也存在于人和大鼠中。

PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production.

PA-8是一种小分子的的 PACAP I 型(PAC1)受体拮抗剂，有 选择性、有效性和口服活性。PA-8抑制PACAP 诱导的CREB 在PAC1-受体上的磷酸化，但对VPAC11或VPAC2受体无抑制作用。PA-8也抑制pacap 诱导的体外cAMP 水平升高(IC50 = 2 nM)和体内鞘内注射后pacap 诱导的厌恶反应和机械异位性痛。

PAC1R antagonist 1为一种具有口服活性的 PAC1 受体拮抗剂，可抑制由垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）及神经损伤所诱导的异常性疼痛，可用于研究肿瘤和与免疫相关的疾病。