amyloid β-peptide

β-Amyloid (25-35) 是阿尔茨海默氏淀粉样蛋白β肽的 Aβ(25-35) 片段，具有神经毒性作用，常用于构建阿尔茨海默症细胞和动物模型。

GSNKGAIIGLM(131602-53-4(free base)) (Amyloid beta-peptide(25-35)) 是阿尔茨海默病淀粉样蛋白 β-肽的片段 Aβ(25-35)。

β-Amyloid peptide(16-20)，即 Amyloid-β(Abeta) 的氨基酸序列(KLVFF)部分，有效抑制 Abeta 原纤维形成，通过在 N 和 C 末端添加 RG- -GR-NH2 残基增强其溶解性。

Biotin-amyloid-β (1-42) peptide is an affinity probe that allows amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) to be detected or immobilized through interaction with the biotin ligand. It has been used to identify Aβ42 interaction partners in rat hippocampal synaptosomal membranes.

Amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) is a neurotoxic 42-amino acid protein fragment found in amyloid plaques in postmortem cerebral cortex from patients with Alzheimer's disease.1,2,3Aggregation of Aβ42 results in the formation of neurotoxic fibrils or globular oligomers.1Aβ42 accumulates in the brain of many transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and, in many models, the onset of amyloid deposition positively correlates with deficits in spatial learning and memory.4 1.Wolfe, M.S.Therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's diseaseNat. Rev. Drug Discov.1(11)859-866(2002) 2.Iwatsubo, T., Odaka, A., Suzuki, N., et al.Visualization of Aβ42(43) and Aβ40 in senile plaques with end-specific Aβ monoclonals: Evidence that an initially deposited species is Aβ42(43)Neuron13(1)45-53(1994) 3.Hardy, J.A., and Higgins, G.A.Alzheimer's disease: The amyloid cascade hypothesisScience256(5054)184-185(1992) 4.Jankowsky, J.L., and Zheng, H.Practical considerations for choosing a mouse model of Alzheimer's diseaseMol. Neurodegener.12(1)89(2017)

Amyloid-β (1-8) is a wild-type control for the mutation-containing amyloid-β (1-8, A2V) peptide .

Amyloid-β (1-8, A2V) is a truncated form of amyloid-β (Aβ) that contains a valine to alanine substitution at position 2 of the Aβ numbering convention (Aβ A2V), which corresponds to position 673 of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) numbering convention (APP A673V). An Aβ (1-40) (Aβ40) A2V peptide increases the production of Aβ and the rate and amount of amyloid fibril formation in vitro, effects that can be reduced by coincubation with wild-type Aβ40. Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels are increased in CHO cells expressing the Aβ A2V mutation and in fibroblasts derived from patients with the Aβ A2V mutation. As a homozygous mutation, Aβ A2V is correlated with Alzheimer's disease with distinctive pathological features, but disease does not develop in patients with a heterozygous Aβ A2V mutation.

Amyloid-β (25-35) (Aβ (25-35)) is an 11-residue fragment of the Aβ protein that retains the physical and biological characteristics of the full length peptide. It forms fibrils that react to thioflavin T and Congo red and are organized in a cross-β arrangement of β-strands similar to Aβ (1-40) and Aβ (1-42) fibrils. Aggregated Aβ (25-35) decreases the viability of rat adrenal PC12 cells. It also decreases the viability of primary rat cortical neurons at concentrations ranging from 1 nM to 30 μM. In vivo, intracerebral injection of Aβ (25-35) (20 nmol) in rats induces lesions of neuronal and tissue loss. Aggregated Aβ (25-35) administered intracerebroventricularly to rats induces learning and memory impairments in the Y-maze, novel object recognition, and contextual fear conditioning tests.

TAMRA-Amyloid-β (1-42) peptide is a fluorescently labeled peptide. Amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) is a neurotoxic 42-residue protein fragment found in amyloid plaques in postmortem cerebral cortex from patients with Alzheimer's disease. Aggregation of Aβ42 results in the formation of neurotoxic fibrils or globular oligomers. TAMRA-Amyloid-β (1-42) peptide is a labeled form of Aβ42 containing carboxytetramethyl rhodamine (TAMRA), which displays excitation/emission maxima of 543/572 nm, respectively.

Amyloid-Forming peptide GNNQQNY是由酵母蛋白Sup35的N-末端朊病毒决定结构域中得来的七肽段，具有生物活性，并能形成淀粉样纤维。它的详细原子低聚结构之研究，使其成为揭示早期聚集阶段的理想模型。GNNQQNY二聚体以三种稳定构形存在：寄存器内并排、寄存器外并排和反向并排。对准的平行二聚体其β-pleated sheet结构中肽链间氢键较少，强调了疏水作用的重要性，相较于反向并排结构有更高的构象熵。

Amyloid precursor c-terminal peptide has the amino acid sequence Gly-Tyr-Glu-Asn-Pro-Thr-Tyr-Lys-Phe-Phe-Glu-Gln-Met-Gln-Asn. APP is best known as the precursor molecule whose proteolysis generates beta-amyloid (Aβ), a 37 to 49 amino acid peptide whose am

Rutin (Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside) 属于黄酮类天然产物，具有血脑屏障渗透性。Rutin 具有广泛的生物活性，包括抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤、降血糖、神经保护、抗菌、抗衰老等等。

DAPT (LY-374973) 是一种 γ 分泌酶抑制剂，抑制总 Aβ 和 Aβ42 (IC50=115/200 nM)，具有口服活性。DAPT 也是一种 Notch 抑制剂。DAPT 可以诱导细胞分化、诱导细胞自噬和凋亡。

Tramiprosate (Alzhemed) 是一种具有口服活性的、可透过血脑屏障的天然氨基酸，存在于各种红色海藻中，能够可溶性 Aβ 结合并以非原纤维形式维持 Aβ。它是一种 GABA 类似物，具有神经保护，抗惊厥和抗高血压的活性。

Hematoxylin (Natural Black 1) 是一种天然存在的类黄酮化合物，衍生自木柴树Haematoxylon campechianum。它是一种组织学上的核染色剂，也是一种有效的Aβ42原纤维形成的抑制剂，IC50=1.6 µM。

Geniposide 是从栀子花中提取的一种环烯醚萜甙，具有如神经保护、抗糖尿病、抗增殖和抗氧化多种生物活性。 它可调节 Nrf2 易位。

Ginsenoside Rg1 (Panaxoside Rg1) 是人参的主要活性成分之一，可减少NF-κB 核易位。它改善认知功能受损，通过降低大脑Aβ水平来发挥作用。

Notoginsenoside R1 (Sanchinoside R1) 属于皂苷类天然产物，是三七的主要活性单体。Notoginsenoside R1 具有心血管保护、神经保护、肝脏保护、抗肿瘤、免疫调节等活性。

Methyl tridecanoate 能够适度抑制 β-淀粉样蛋白聚集，弱抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶。

Qingyangshengenin B (Otophylloside B) 是一种分离自 Qingyangshen 的 C-21 甾体苷。它能够在 mRNA 水平上抑制 Aβ 的表达来减少 Aβ 的沉积，对 Aβ 的毒性有保护作用。它具有抗癫痫作用。

Licochalcone B 是从Glycyrrhiza inflate 根中提取的。它能够抑制淀粉样蛋白 β 自聚集作用 (IC50=2.16 μM) ，分解预先形成的 Aβ42原纤维，并通过螯合金属离子抑制金属诱导的 Aβ42聚集。

Frentizole 是一种 FDA 批准的免疫抑制剂，是一种新型 Aβ-ABAD 相互作用抑制剂。

Dihydroergocristine mesylate (DHEC (mesylate)) 是一种 γ-secretase (GSI) 的抑制剂，能够阿尔茨海默氏病淀粉样蛋白 β 肽 (amyloid-β) 的产生，与 γ-secretase 和 Nicastrin 结合的平衡解离常数 (Kd) 值分别为 25.7 nM 和 9.8 μM。

FPS-ZM1 是一种高亲和力的 RAGE 特异性抑制剂，可阻断 Aβ 与 RAGE 的 V 结构域的结合。