MMG-11 inhibits both TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 signaling (IC50s: 1.7 μM for Pam3CSK4-induced hTLR2/1 and 5.7 μM for Pam2CSK4-induced hTLR2/6 responses). MMG-11 is an effective and selective human TLR2 antagonist with low cytotoxicity.
a15:0-i15:0 PE 是一种包含两个支链的二酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺。这种化合物是非典型的TLR2-TLR1异二聚体激动剂,并具有免疫原性。它能够激活T细胞和DC的信号传导并表现出抗炎特性。此外,a15:0-i15:0 PE 能诱导TNFα和IL-6的产生,并且是A. muciniphila脂质膜的主要成分之一(约50%)。