immunological

CL097 是 TLR7 和 TLR8 的有效激动剂。 CL097 诱导巨噬细胞中的促炎细胞因子和 NADPH 氧化酶引发，从而增加 fMLF 刺激的 ROS 产生。

Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide (hydrate) 与一氧化氮一样，是一种重要的气体介质，对哺乳动物的免疫、神经、心血管和肺系统有重要影响。Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide (hydrate)是一种H2S 供体，常用于细胞和整个动物实验系统。例如，它被用来证明H2S 促进中性粒细胞迁移，减少气道炎症，保护神经轴突、心脏和肠道免受化学或缺血再灌注损伤。

Tyramine hydrochloride 是一种氨基酸，有助于调节血压。其中 Tyramine 天然存在于体内，并存在于某些食物中。

Talabostat (PT100, Val-boroPro) is a potent, nonselective and orally available dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor with a Ki of 0.18 nM. Talabostat is a nonselective DPP-IV inhibitor, inhibiting DPP8 9, FAP, DPP2 and some other DASH family enzymes essentially as potently as it inhibits DPP-IV[1]. Talabostat stimulates the immune system by triggering a proinflammatory form of cell death in monocytes and macrophages known as pyroptosis. The inhibition of two serine proteases, DPP8 and DPP9, activates the proprotein form of caspase-1 independent of the inflammasome adaptor ASC[2]. Talabostat competitively inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) activity of FAP and CD26 DPP-IV, and there is a high-affinity interaction with the catalytic site due to the formation of a complex between Ser630 624 and the boron of talabostat[3]. Talabostat can stimulate immune responses against tumors involving both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. In WEHI 164 fibrosarcoma and EL4 and A20 2J lymphoma models, PT-100 causes regression and rejection of tumors. The antitumor effect appears to involve tumor-specific CTL and protective immunological memory. Talabostat treatment of WEHI 164-inoculated mice increases mRNA expression of cytokines and chemokines known to promote T-cell priming and chemoattraction of T cells and innate effector cells[3]. Talabostat treated mice show significant less fibrosis and FAP expression is reduced. Upon PT100 treatment, significant differences in the MMP-12, MIP-1α, and MCP-3 mRNA expression levels in the lungs are also observed. Treatment with PT100 in this murine model of pulmonary fibrosis has an anti-fibro-proliferative effect and increases macrophage activation[4]. [1]. Connolly BA, et al. Dipeptide boronic acid inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV: determinants of potencyand in vivo efficacy and safety. J Med Chem. 2008 Oct 9;51(19):6005-13. [2]. Okondo MC, et al. DPP8 and DPP9 inhibition induces pro-caspase-1-dependent monocyte and macrophage pyroptosis. Nat Chem Biol. 2017 Jan;13(1):46-53. [3]. Adams S, et al. PT-100, a small molecule dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor, has potent antitumor effects and augments antibody-mediated cytotoxicity via a novel immune mechanism. Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 1;64(15):5471-80. [4]. Egger C, et al. Effects of the fibroblast activation protein inhibitor, PT100, in a murine model of pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 15;809:64-72.

Tacalcitol (1,24(R)-Dihydroxyvitamin D3; 1.alpha.,24R-Dihydroxyvitamin D3) promotes normal bone development by regulating calcium. Tacalcitol modulates immunological and inflammatory processes.

SM360320 (CL-087) 是一种有效的特异性 TLR7 激动剂。 SM360320 除了其 IFN 介导的活性外，还通过 I 型 IFN 非依赖性机制抑制肝细胞中的 HCV 复制。 SM360320 可用于研究作为治疗性 DNA 疫苗的免疫佐剂。

RC529-MDP 是一种耦合了 Toll 样受体 (TLR)(TLR4a) 和 NOD 样受体 (NOD2a) 的免疫佐剂，能够加强先天性免疫反应，其作用依赖于 TLR4 和 NOD2 的信号通路。在小鼠模型实验中，RC529-MDP 能够诱导高水平的白细胞介素相关因子 (IL-6) 分泌，显示出显著的免疫激活功能。此外，该化合物在 OVA 小鼠模型中注射后，能有效提升 OVA 特异性的抗体应答、T 细胞反应以及记忆 T 细胞的比例，从而增强免疫记忆和应答效率。

AYK004-C1为TLR激动剂，常用于免疫佐剂的制备。

Monophosphoryl lipid A (free acid) 是一种激活toll-like receptor 4的化合物，常用于免疫学和疫苗研究领域。

AYK004-B1，作为TLR7激动剂（EC50=0.2265 nM），常用于免疫佐剂的制备。

DHT KLH 是一种用于免疫研究的偶联物，由双氢睾酮（DHT）抗原与血蓝蛋白（KLH）佐剂结合而成，KLH是一种常用的载体蛋白能够增强抗原的免疫原性。它常用于制备特异性抗体，用于研究雄激素受体相关的免疫反应。

Ginkgolide A (BN-52020) 是从银杏叶提取出来的一种天然产物，是 GABA 拮抗剂，有用于多种炎症和免疫疾病的研究潜力。

N-Retinoylleucine has less toxicity and has similar immunological effects as retinoic acid.

Dehydro warfarin is a metabolite of (±)-warfarin .1It is formed from (±)-warfarin by rat liver microsomes. 1.Kaminsky, L.S., Fasco, M.J., and Guengerich, F.P.Comparison of different forms of liver, kidney, and lung microsomal cytochrome P-450 by immunological inhibition of regio- and stereoselective metabolism of warfarinJ. Biol. Chem.254(19)9657-9662(1979)

1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-α-D-mannopyranose is an analog of N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) and a building block.1,2It has been used as a precursor in the synthesis of differently substituted trimers of the group AN. meningitidiscapsular polysaccharide repeating unit for use in immunological experiments.2It has also been used in the synthesis of fluorescent probes for lysosomal labeling.3

VUF10460 是一种非咪唑组胺 H4 受体激动剂，与大鼠H4受体结合的pKi 值为7.46。

NTPDase-IN-2 (化合物 5g) 是一种具有选择性的NTPDase 抑制剂，其对h-NTPDase-2 -8的IC50值分别为 0.04 和 2.27 µM。NTPDase-IN-2 可非竞争性地抑制h-NTPDase-1 -2，其对h-NTPDase-2的Km 值为 74 µM。NTPDase-IN-2 可用于癌症、免疫学疾病以及细菌感染的研究。

STINGagonist-13 是一种STING 激动剂，通过STING 介导的免疫激活进行癌症免疫。STINGagonist-13 可刺激STING 下游信号传导并促进 I 型干扰素免疫反应。STINGagonist-13 能显著降低肿瘤体积并具有免疫记忆衍生的癌症抑制活性。

STINGmodulator-5（compound 38）为THP-1和外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）的拮抗剂，其在THP-1上的pIC50值为8.9，在PBMC上的pIC50值为8.1。此化合物适用于免疫性疾病研究。

CL845 是 STING 激动剂 CL656 的类似物。CL845 可用于合成靶向 STING（干扰素基因刺激物）的可结合 PRR 配体。CL845 可用于癌症、免疫系统疾病或感染的研究。

Imsamotide (IDO194-214) 为一种具有序列 DTLLKALLEIASCLEKALQVF 的吲哚胺 2,3-双加氧酶 (IDO) 肽。它同时作为主动免疫的免疫剂和抗肿瘤剂。

Mofebutazone 抑制前列腺素和白三烯的免疫释放。

Odulimomab (anti-LFA1) 是一种抗 LFA-1单克隆抗体。Odulimomab 抑制 T 淋巴细胞增殖，对缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用。Odulimomab 可用于移植排斥反应和免疫疾病的研究。

PI5P4Kα-IN-1（化合物13）是一种针对PI5P4Kα和PI5P4Kβ具有选择性抑制作用的化合物（IC50分别为2 μM和9.4 μM）。它适用于癌症、代谢和免疫紊乱相关研究。