ODN 2216 is a TLR9 (toll-like receptor 9) ligand or agonist that induces the production of large amounts of IFN-α and IFN-β. ODN 2216 can induce IFN-α using pDC (plasma cell-like DC) and IL-12 (p40) using DC (dendritic cells). ODN 2216 is capable of indirectly stimulating IFN-γ production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), mediated by IFN-α/β. ODN 2216 activates NK cells and induces IFN-γ production by TCR-triggered CD4+ T cells.