Avelumab is a fully human IgG1 anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody. Avelumab shows potential antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Female C57BL/6 mice are used in this study. Subcutaneous tumor injections are carried out by inoculating C57BL/6 mice with 1×105 MB49 parental cells on the right shaved flank. Tumor growth is measured with calipers and 8 days post-inoculation mice are assigned to treatment groups. Tumor-bearing mice are treated with Avelumab (400 μg per 100 μL) and injected i.p. three times, 3 days apart. Since Avelumab is a human IgG1, three injections have to be compressed within a 7 to 9 day window (i.e., days 9, 12, and 15 post-tumor inoculation) to avoid the onset of neutralizing mouse anti-human Ig[3].