Acamprosate, an orally active neuromodulator, is used to study and treat alcohol dependence and alcoholism. Acamprosate is an analog of amino acid neurotransmitters (e.g., taurine and homocysteic acid) that modulates NMDA receptor activity via binding to a spermidine-sensitive site. Research indicates Acamprosate acts as a 'partial co-agonist' at NMDA receptors.