MRS5698 is a high affinity and selective agonist of A3 adenosine receptor (Ki ~ 3 nM) protects against chronic neuropathic pain. MRS5698 displays >1000-fold selectivity over A1 and A2A adenosine receptors
Lexanopadol (GRT6006) is a potent ORL-1 agonist (opioid receptor-like-1), suitable for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic pain, including neuropathic pain.
Dilmapimod tosylate is a potent p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. It was investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect in non-head injury trauma patients at risk for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. IL-1β was identified as a gene regulated by dilmapimod that could influence c-reactive protein levels. Dilmapimod had been in phase III clinical trials by GlaxoSmithKline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathic pain, coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
A-317491 is an effective selective non-nucleotide antagonist of P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors, which reverses inflammatory mechanical hyperalgesia and relieves chronic inflammation and neuropathic pain in rats by acting on peripheral receptors.