hypertensive rats

BMY 7378 dihydrochloride (BMY7378 HCl) 是选择性 α1D 肾上腺素受体拮抗剂，也是5-HT1A 受体部分激动剂。它同表达克隆大鼠 α1D-AR 的膜结合的亲和力 (Ki=2 nM)  是同克隆大鼠 α1A-AR (Ki=800 nM) 或仓鼠 α1B-AR (Ki=600 nM) 结合的亲和力 的100 以上。

Firibastat (RB150) 是一种具有口服活性的 EC33 前体药物。Firibastat 是一种首创的脑氨基肽酶 A(APA) 抑制剂 (Ki=200 nM)，选择性地抑制高血压大鼠脑血管紧张素 II 转化为血管紧张素 III，降低血压。

CGP48369 是一种有效的血管紧张素 II 受体 (angiotensin II receptor) 拮抗剂，具有降血压作用，可增强自发性高血压大鼠冠状动脉的内皮依赖性松弛。

ME-3221是一种血管紧张素AT1受体拮抗剂，可预防老年中风易发性高血压大鼠的高血压并发症。

N,N'-Dicyclohexylurea (AURORA KA-3582) 是一种可溶性环氧化物水解酶 (sEH) 抑制剂。

Tempone 是一种氨基氧烷，具有自由基清除剂的作用，会与活性氧（ROS）发生反应。静脉注射 Tempone 可降低自发性高血压大鼠的平均动脉。

Nitroflurbiprofen (Nitroxybutyl flurbiprofen) 是一种释放 NO 的环氧合酶抑制剂，可调节门脉高压性肝硬化大鼠肝内血管张力的增加。

(4E)-SUN9221 是一种有效的 α1-adrenergic 受体和 5-HT2 受体双重拮抗剂，在高血压大鼠中显示出抗高血压和抗血小板聚集活性。

AVE3085 是内皮一氧化氮合酶的增强剂，可恢复自发性高血压大鼠的内皮功能并降低血压，可用于研究心血管疾病。

Fasidotril is a NEP ACE inhibitor. Fasidotril was an effective oral antihypertensive agent during chronic treatment in high-renin renovascular rats, normal-renin SHR, and low-renin DOCA-salt hypertensive rats and in patients with essential hypertension.

KRH-594 is a potent, specific and insurmountable AT1 receptor antagonist. KRH-594 ameliorates hyperlipidaemia and nephropathy in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats. KRH-594 prevents end-organ damage in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive Izm ra

Milfasartan is a potent, selective antagonist of AT1 receptor with oral activity. It markedly lowers the blood-pressure in conscious renal and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Ro 46-844 是选择性非肽内皮素受体拮抗剂。它对ETB(IC50: 34-69 nM) 的选择性比ETA 受体 (IC50: 6800 nM) 高的100倍以上。

Guanfacine-13C,15N3is intended for us as an internal standard for the quantification of guanfacine by GC- or LC-MS. Guanfacine is an α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist with Kivalues of 93, 1,380, and 3,890 nM for α2A-, α2B-, and α2C-ARs, respectively, in a radioligand binding assay.1It has EC50values of 52, 288, and 602 nM for α2A-, α2B-, and α2C-ARs, respectively, for stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding. It also binds to imidazoline receptor 1 (Ki= 19 nM in a radioligand binding assay).2Guanfacine (0.3-5 mg kg) binds to adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system and lowers blood pressure in hypertensive rats in a dose-dependent manner.3It also improves spatial working memory deficits induced by hypobaric hypoxia in rats.4Formulations containing guanfacine are used in the treatment of high blood pressure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 1.Jasper, J.R., Lesnick, J.D., Chang, L.K., et al.Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant α2 adrenergic receptors: Agonist-mediated [35S]GTPγS bindingBiochem. Pharmacol.55(7)1035-1043(1998) 2.Nikolic, K., Filipic, S., and Agbaba, D.QSAR study of imidazoline antihypertensive drugsBioorg. Med. Chem.16(15)7134-7140(2008) 3.Scholtysik, G.Pharmacology of guanfacineBr. J. Clin. Pharmacol.10(Suppl 1)21S-24S(1980) 4.Kauser, H., Sahu, S., Kumar, S., et al.Guanfacine is an effective countermeasure for hypobaric hypoxia-induced cognitive declineNeuroscience254110-119(2013)

Chlorthalidone impurity G is a potential impurity found in commercial preparations of chlorthalidone that has moderate antihypertensive effects. Chlorthalidone is a thiazide-like diuretic that inhibits the Na+/Cl- cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney, which prevents reabsorption of sodium and chloride leading to a reduction in plasma volume and cardiac output. It also inhibits carbonic anhydrase (CA), including the isoforms CAVB, VII, IX, XII, and XIII (Kis = 2.8-23 nM) and, to a lesser extent, CAI, CAII, IV, VA, and VI (Kis = 138-1,347 nM), which may mediate its sustained vasodilatory activity. Dietary administration of chlorthalidone (8 mg per animal per day) reduces arterial hypertension and prevents or reduces ventricular hypertrophy induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) in salt-hypertensive rats. Formulations containing chlorthalidone have been used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents to lower arterial blood pressure and as adjuvants to address edema caused by cardiac or renal disorders.

Methylspinazarin is a naphthoquinone bacterial metabolite that has been found in Streptomyces and is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT; IC50 = 0.8 μg ml).1 It is selective for COMT over tyrosine hydroxylase, DOPA decarboxylase, and dopamine-β-hydroxylase at 100 μg ml. Methylspinazarin decreases blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats when administered at a dose of 50 mg kg. |1. Chimura, H., Sawa, T., Takita, T., et al. Methylspinazarin and dihydromethylspinazarin, gatechol-O-methyl transerfase inhibitors produced by Streptomyces. J. Antibiot. 26(2), 112-114 (1973).

Adrenomedullin (13-52) is a truncated form of adrenomedullin (1-52) . It induces nitric oxide-dependent relaxation of and inhibits release of angiotensin II and endothelin-1 from isolated rat aorta. In vivo, adrenomedullin (13-52) decreases mean arterial pressure (MAP) in spontaneously and renal hypertensive rats in a dose-dependent manner. Adrenomedullin (13-52) (10-3,000 ng per animal) reverses increases in lobar arterial pressure induced by U-46619 in a dose-dependent manner in cats but has no effect on basal lobar arterial pressure or systemic arterial pressure. It also potentiates inflammatory edema and neutrophil accumulation in rats.

Potent EGFR-kinase inhibitor (IC50 = 0.7 nM). Displays >3000-fold selectivity against a panel of serine/threonine kinases. Reduces metastasis and angiogenesis in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. Antihypertensive and orally bioavailable. Bruns et al (2000) Blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling by a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor leads to apoptosis of endothelial cells and therapy of human pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer Res. 60 2926 PMID:10850439 |Ulu et al (2013) Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor PKI-166 governs cardiovascular protection without beneficial effects on the kidney in hypertensive 5/6 nephrectomized rats. J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther. 345 393 PMID:23528611 |Kaspersen et al (2012) Activity of 6-aryl-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-amines to Tetrahymena. Bioorg.Chem. 44 35 PMID:22832269

Deacetylforskolin is a diterpene and a derivative of forskolin that has been found inC. forskohliiand has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4It activates rat adipocyte adenylyl cyclase (IC50= 20 μM) and inhibits glucose transport in rat adipocyte plasma membranes.2Deactylforskolin (30-1,000 μg kg) reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.3It also attenuates hypercapnia-induced impairments in the passive avoidance response in mice.4 1.Gabetta, B., Zini, G., and Danieli, B.Minor Diterpenoids of Coleus forskohliiPhytochemistry28(3)859-862(1989) 2.Joost, H.G., Habberfield, A.D., Simpson, I.A., et al.Activation of adenylate cyclase and inhibition of glucose transport in rat adipocytes by forskolin analogues: structural determinants for distinct sites of actionMol. Pharmacol.33(4)449-453(1988) 3.Bhat, S.V., Dohadwalla, A.N., Bajwa, B.S., et al.The antihypertensive and positive inotropic diterpene forskolin: Effects of structural modifications on its activityJ. Med. Chem.26(4)486-492(1983) 4.McCulloch, A.J., Thomson, T.A., and Deacon, R.Hypoxic amnesia and its reversal with forskolinBiochem. Soc. Trans.17(1)212-213(1988)

Alamandine can be formed from angiotensin A by action of ACE-2 or directly from angiotensin-(1-7) by decarboxylation of its aspartate residue. The angiotensin A analog produces effects resembling those of Ang II (1-7). However, it acts independently of the two known vasodilators receptors of the RAS (Mas and angiotensin II type 2). To produce its effects, alamandine binds to the Mas-related receptor, MrgD. A novel orally active formulation of alamandine produced a long-term antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats and cardioprotective effects. These novel findings will be helpful for developing a new understanding of the RAS, a key regulator of blood pressure and fluid balance. The heptapeptide could serve as a model peptide, e.g. in the development and evaluation of analytical methods.

(R)-Fadrozole ((R)-CGS 16949A; FAD286) is a potent nonsteroidal inhibitor. (R)-Fadrozole also inhibits human placental aromatase (pIC 50 = 6.17) and aldosterone biosynthesis. (R)-Fadrozole reverses cardiac fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats..

Trandolapril 是 Trandolaprilat 的前体药物。Trandolapril 是一种口服血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂，在高血压和充血性心力衰竭及心肌梗死领域有研究价值。

EP3 antagonist 3是一种有效和选择性的EP3拮抗剂，具有口服活性的优点，在自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）中显著抑制了GR63799或乙酸诱导的膀胱容量降低和PGE2诱导的过度活跃膀胱模型。

Benidipine 是一种有效的、口服具有活力的钙通道拮抗剂。Benidipine 能够提高内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶的活性，改善高血压大鼠冠状动脉循环。Benidipine 能够抗缺血 再灌注心肌细胞的凋亡。