Protein arginine deiminases (PADs) catalyze the posttranslational modification of arginine residues on proteins to form citrulline, which plays a large role in regulating gene expression. Abnormally high PAD activity has been observed in a host of human diseases. Citrulline-specific probe-rhodamine is a highly sensitive, rhodamine phenylglyoxal-based fluorophore that specifically detects protein citrullination via a chemoselective reaction between glyoxal and citrulline. This chemical probe (comprised of a single isomer) is capable of reacting with any citrulline-containing protein and can be analyzed with fluorescent imaging (excitation 532 nm; emission 580 nm). When added at 100 μM for 30 minutes at acidic pH, this probe has a reported limit of detection of ~10 ng for citrullinated histone H3 and ~1 ng for autodeiminated PAD4.
Octadecyl Rhodamine B (perchlorate) 作为一种多功能染料,在多个领域发挥着重要作用。它在生物实验中尤为关键,通过帮助研究人员观察和分析细胞结构、追踪生物分子、评估细胞功能、区分细胞类型、检测生物分子以及研究组织病理,为从基础科学研究至临床诊断提供了广泛的应用。此外,该染料不仅应用于传统的纺织品染色,还广泛应用于新兴领域,如功能性纺织品处理、食品色素添加以及染料敏化太阳能电池等方面。