phosphatase and tensin homolog

BpV(HOpic) (bpV (HOpic)) 是 PTEN 选择性抑制剂，IC50=14 nM。BpV(HOpic) 具有神经保护作用。

Oroxin B 是从传统中草药木蝴蝶中分离出来的黄酮类天然产物，在恶性淋巴瘤细胞中诱导肿瘤抑制性 ER 应激。它通过上调 PTEN，下调 COX-2，VEGF，PI3K 和 p-AKT，对肝癌细胞具有明显的抑制作用，诱导细胞早期凋亡。

SF1670 (PTPase CD45 Inhibitor) 是一种特异性 PTEN 抑制剂，IC50 为 2 μM。

Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) 具有多种细胞活性，例如 DNA 保护、抗菌、抗氧化和抗炎以及 UV 吸收活性，并且可以通过 UV 吸收和细胞活性的组合保护人体皮肤免受 UVB 引起的损伤。 Afzelin 减轻线粒体损伤，增强线粒体生物合成并降低线粒体自噬相关蛋白、parkin 和 putative kinase 1 的水平。

VO-Ohpic trihydrate (VO-Ohpic) 是一种有效的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物（PTEN）抑制剂，IC50 为 35 nM。

Ginkgolic acid C17:1 是分离自银杏叶中，通过诱导PTEN 和SHP-1酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制组成型和诱导型 STAT3 活化。它具有抗癌活性。

Cefminox (Sodium) is a new cephamycin antibiotic possessing a D-amino acid moiety derived from D-cysteine at the C-7B side chain. Cefminox is active against a wide range of bacteria, especially Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria. Cefminox shows excellent in vivo efficacy (ED50) which is higher than would be expected from its in vitro activity (MIC). Moreover, cefminox possesses more potent activity in suppression of bacterial regrowth than other cephems[1]. Cefminox (Sodium) was the most active beta-lactam, with an MIC at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50) of 1.0 microg ml and an MIC90 of 16.0 microg ml. Cefminox was especially active against Bacteroides fragilis (MIC90, 2.0 microg ml), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (MIC90, 4.0 microg ml), fusobacteria (MIC90, 1.0 microg ml), peptostreptococci (MIC90, 2.0 microg ml), and clostridia, including Clostridium difficile (MIC90, 2.0 microg ml)[2]. The use of a single preoperative dose of cefminox was similar in efficacy to 3 doses of cefoxitin administered every 4 hours, and that the serum and tissue concentrations attained provide adequate antibiotic coverage[3]. Moreover, cefminox as a dual agonist of IP (Prostacyclin receptor) and PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma) that significantly inhibits PASMC proliferation by up-regulation of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) and cAMP ( cyclic adenosine monophosphate), suggesting that it has potential for treatment of PAH(pulmonary arterial hypertension)[4].