lipoproteins

BLT-1 是一种氨基硫脲铜螯合剂，是一种选择性清除受体 B1 型 (SR-BI) 抑制剂，抑制高密度脂蛋白 (HDL) 和 SR-BI 介导的细胞之间的脂质转移。

Imanixil (HOE-402 free base) 是 LDL 受体 (LDLR) 的诱导剂，是一种降血脂降胆固醇化合物，具有抗动脉粥样硬化活性，可抑制极低密度脂蛋白 (VLDL) 的产生。Imanixil通过刺激 LDL 受体途径发挥作用。

MAC13243 HCl 是一种将脂蛋白从内膜运输到外膜的周质伴侣LolA的抑制剂，是一种具有特异性的抗菌剂，对革兰氏阴性菌抑制作用显著。

Bezafibrate (BM15075) 是一种降血脂剂，是PPAR 的激动剂，对人以及鼠PPARα、PPARγ和PPARδ的EC50分别为 50、60和20 μM， 以及 90、55 和110 μM。

Sinapinic Acid (Synapoic acid) 是从 Hydnophytum formicarumJack. 根中分离到的酚类，是HDAC 抑制剂，对ACE-I 的活性也有抑制作用。它有抗肿瘤活性，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，具有抗氧化、抗糖尿病的作用。

Pravastatin is a lipoprotein-lowering drug via reversibly inhibiting hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and the synthesis of very-low-density lipoproteins.

Meglutol (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid) 是一种抗血脂剂，可降低胆固醇、甘油三酯、血清 β-脂蛋白和磷脂。它抑制胆固醇生物合成中的限速酶羟甲基戊二酰辅酶 A 还原酶的活性。

AcylCoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is an intracellular cholesteryl ester synthase tied closely to the absorption of dietary cholesterol. Oleic acid-2,6-diisopropylanilide is an inhibitor of acylCoA:cholesterol acyltransferase with an IC50 of 7 nM. When co-administered to rabbits or rats fed a high fat, high cholesterol diet, oleic acid-2,6-diisopropylanilide decreased low density lipoproteins and elevated high density lipoprotein levels when administered at 0.05%.

Acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 and -2 (ACAT-1 and ACAT-2) catalyze the formation of cholesterol esters from cholesterol and long chain fatty acyl-coenzyme A, and may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. CAY10485 inhibits human ACAT-1 and ACAT-2 with an IC50 values of 95 and 81 μM, respectively. It also inhibits copper-mediated oxidation of low density lipoproteins by 91% at a concentration of 2 μM.

Acyl-Coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 and -2 (ACAT-1 and ACAT-2) catalyze the formation of cholesterol esters from cholesterol and long chain fatty acyl-coenzyme A, and may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. CAY10486 inhibits human ACAT-1 and ACAT-2 equally with an IC50 value of approximately 60 μM. It also inhibits copper-mediated oxidation of low density lipoproteins by about 28% at a concentration of 3 μM.

Lysophosphatidylcholine 18:2是一种小鼠代谢物，在功能上与亚油酸有关。1-亚油酰-2-羟基-SN-甘油-3-卵磷脂是氧化低密度脂蛋白的主要成分，​​​血浆中低水平的18:2 LysoPC与糖耐量受损、胰岛素抵抗、2 型糖尿病和冠状动脉疾病等代谢紊乱相关。1-Linoleoyl-2-Hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PC同时也是Autotaxin(LysoPLD)生成溶血磷脂酸(LPA)的底物，在细胞运动中起重要作用。

Lysosphingomyelin is an endogenous bioactive sphingolipid and a constituent of lipoproteins.1,2It is produced by the removal of the acyl group from sphingomyelin by a deacylase and acts as a precursor in the biosynthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate . D-erythroLysosphingomyelin is an agonist of the S1P receptors S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3(EC50s = 167.7, 368.1, and 482.6 nM, respectively, for the human receptors).3It is also an agonist of the orphan receptor ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (ORG1) that induces calcium accumulation in cells overexpressing OGR1 (EC50= ~35 nM).4Levels of D-erythrolysosphingomyelin are increased in skin isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis, as well as postmortem brain from patients with Niemann-Pick disease type A, but not type B.2,5L-threolysosphingomyelin is also an S1P1-3agonist (EC50s = 19.3, 131.8, and 313.3 nM, respectively).3This product is a mixture of D-erythroand L-threolysosphingomyelin. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1321] 1.Ito, M., Kurita, T., and Kita, K.A novel enzyme that cleaves the N-acyl linkage of ceramides in various glycosphingolipids as well as sphingomyelin to produce their lyso formsJ. Biol. Chem.270(41)24370-24374(1995) 2.Nixon, G.F., Mathieson, F.A., and Hunter, I.The multi-functional role of sphingosylphosphorylcholineProg. Lipid Res.47(1)62-75(2008) 3.Im, D.-S., Clemens, J., Macdonald, T.L., et al.Characterization of the human and mouse sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor, S1P5 (Edg-8): Structure-activity relationship of sphingosine1-phosphate receptorsBiochemistry40(46)14053-14060(2001) 4.Meyer zu Heringdorf, D., Himmel, H.M., and Jakobs, K.H.Sphingosylphosphorylcholine-biological functions and mechanisms of actionBiochim. Biophys. Acta1582(1-3)178-189(2002) 5.Rodriguez-Lafrasse, C., and Vanier, M.T.Sphingosylphosphorylcholine in Niemann-Pick disease brain: Accumulation in type A but not in type BNeurochem. Res.24(2)199-205(1999)

Sphingomyelins are complex membrane lipids composed of phosphorylcholine, sphingosine, and an acylated group, such as a fatty acid. Lysosphingomyelin is a naturally-occurring lipid which is produced by the removal of the acylated group of sphingomyelin by a deacylase. Lysosphingomyelin may, in turn, serve as a substrate for autotaxin, which removes choline to produce sphingosine-1-phosphate. The receptors and signaling pathways that are activated by lyso-sphingosine are diverse and vary between cell types. Lysosphingomyelin occurs naturally in plasma, is a constituent of lipoproteins, and is increased in some diseases, including dermatitis and Niemann-Pick disease.

CETP-IN-4 is a cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor.

Arachidic acid (Icosanoic Acid) 是一种存在于所有哺乳动物细胞中的长链脂肪酸，通常酯化为膜磷脂，是人体组织中丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸之一。

Cholesteryl palmitate 是一种慢性间质性肺炎的有用预后生物标志物。

LolCDE-IN-4 (Compound 1) 显示出对革兰氏阴性细菌Escherichia coli (MIC为 0.25-32 µg ml) 和 Haemophilus influenzae具有抗菌活性，其机制是通过抑制LolCDE复合物以及中断内膜脂蛋白的释放。

CS-6253TFA为CS-6253的TFA盐类,具有作用于ATP结合盒1 (ABCA1) 的激动剂功能.该化合物能有效调节淀粉样蛋白β的Aβ42 40比率,对血浆中的脂蛋白代谢产生影响.此外,CS-6253 TFA能够促进富含胆固醇的高密度脂蛋白(HDL)颗粒的产生,并触发微粒的释放.

Bezafibrate-d6 (dimethyl-d6) 是 Bezafibrate 的氘代化合物。Bezafibrate 的 CAS 号为 41859-67-0。Bezafibrate 是一种降血脂剂，是PPAR的激动剂，对人以及鼠PPARα、PPARγ和PPARδ的EC50分别为 50、60和20 μM， 以及 90、55 和110 μM。

Myrianthic acid shows anticancer activity, it shows inhibitory activities on foam cell formation in human monocyte-derived macrophages induced by acetylated low-density lipoproteins at a 50 uM concentration. Myrianthic acid is equivalently inhibitive as acetylsalicylic acid (IC50: 57.0 microM) on epinephrine induced platelet aggregation.

Pam2CSK4 TFA (PUL-042 TFA) 是一种有效的 TLR2 和 TLR6 双重激动剂，是一种模拟细菌脂蛋白的多肽。Pam2CSK4 TFA 可促进血小板聚集，可用来研究脂蛋白对牙周的影响。

低密度脂蛋白 (human) 是五种主要脂蛋白之一，负责将胆固醇运送到肾上腺、性腺、肌肉和脂肪组织等多个组织。