TNF-α-IN-18 (Compound 61) is a small molecule inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) that operates with a IC50 of 1.8µM. TNF-α-IN-18 effectively blocks the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), thereby suppressing the downstream TNF signaling pathway; TNF-α-IN-18 exhibits minimal cytotoxicity in mouse fibroblast LM cells with a CC50 greater than 50 µM. TNF-α-IN-18has been shown to alleviate sepsis induced by TNF or lipopolysaccharide in mouse models, and provides significant protection against the development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis in murine models.