Horminone has antimicrobial activity, it can inhibit the protein synthesis in several types of bacteria; it can inhibit the in vitro growth of Trypanosoma cruzi, 30 microM drug concentration producing total inhibition of growth. After administration of plant extracts containing Horminone has possibility of toxic effect.
Neoechinulin A has anti-inflammatory effect against LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages through inhibition of the NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways, it may block the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) molecule p38, apoptosis signal-regu
Flavokawain C is a melanogenesis inhibitor, it inhibited melanogenesis with IC50 values of 6.9 μM. Flavokawain C has anti-tumor activity, it inhibited cell cycle and promoted apoptosis, associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulation of MAPKs and Akt signaling pathways in HCT 116 human colon carcinoma cells.
Cistanoside F shows vasorelaxant, and antioxidative effects, it shows a strong free radical scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and xanthine xanthine oxidase (XOD) generated superoxide anion radical (O2-.).
Cycloheterophyllin has an antioxidant effect, it is a photoprotective agent that inhibits ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced oxidative stress and damage, and could be used in the research on and prevention of skin photoaging.
Totaradiol shows antioxidant activity, it can inhibit linoleic acid autoxidation but not generation of superoxide anion. Totaradiol exhibits cytotoxic activity against the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line.
5'-Demethylaquillochin and its isomer from the dichloromethane extract of E. cavaleriei have potential as chemopreventive agents through induction of detoxification enzymes. 5'-Demethylaquillochin exhibits the most potential chemopreventive ability.
Isopedicin has anti-inflammatory functions, it inhibits the O(2)(*)(-) production in human neutrophils by an elevation of cellular cAMP and activation of PKA through its inhibition of cAMP-specific PDE.