ADDA 5 hydrochloride is a partial non-competitive inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). For purified CcO from human glioma and bovine heart, the IC50s are 18.93 μM and 31.82 μM , respectively.
p-DDAP is an anti-invasive agent that acts by significantly suppressing cell invasion, and the activity and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).