cirrhosis

Metenolone acetate (Methenolone acetate) 是一种合成代谢类固醇(AAS) 药物，是一种雄激素，主要用于治疗由于骨髓衰竭引起的贫血。

Torsemide (AC-4464) 是具有口服活性的亨氏环利尿剂，也具有抗醛固酮和血管舒张活性。它可用于研究心力衰竭、肾脏疾病、肝硬化。

L-Ornithine L-aspartate (Ornithine Aspartate) 由鸟氨酸和天冬氨酸组成。它能够减少血氨浓度，并消除与肝硬化相关的肝性脑病的症状。

Tauroursodeoxycholate (UR 906) 是一种天然的高度亲水性的三级胆汁酸。Tauroursodeoxycholate 可用于原发性胆汁性肝硬化 (PBC)、胰岛素抵抗、淀粉样变性、囊性纤维化、胆汁淤滞和肌萎缩性侧索硬化症的研究。

Selvigaltin (GB1211) 是一种具有口服活性的口服半乳糖凝集素-3 (Gal-3)抑制剂，具有潜在的抗癌活性。Selvigaltin 可用于研究肝硬化和癌症。

Cefetamet sodium (Ro 15-8074 001) 是一种可口服的头孢类抗生素，具有抗菌活性，可用于研究肝硬化和肺部感染。

Sinapinic Acid (Synapoic acid) 是从 Hydnophytum formicarumJack. 根中分离到的酚类，是HDAC 抑制剂，对ACE-I 的活性也有抑制作用。它有抗肿瘤活性，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，具有抗氧化、抗糖尿病的作用。

Malotilate (Kantec) 是一种抗纤维化物质，是一种口服活性的促肝药，可选择性抑制5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)(IC50=4.7 μM)。它通过降低肝脏乙醛水平并防止转铁蛋白保留在肝细胞中，从而预防了酒精-吡唑肝炎中肝细胞损伤的发展。

Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (TUDC) 是一种内质网应激抑制剂。Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (TUDC) 抑制ERK，显著降低凋亡分子表达，如caspase-3和caspase-12。

Odevixibat (A4250) 是一种有效的选择性回肠胆汁酸转运蛋白 (IBAT) 抑制剂。Odevixibat 可减轻小鼠模型中的胆汁淤积性肝和胆管损伤。Odevixibat 可用于原发性胆汁性肝硬化的研究。

Satavaptan is a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist. Satavaptan improves the control of ascites in cirrhosis.

Polythiazide (NSC-108161, P-2525) is used to treat fluid retention (edema) caused by a variety of causes, including congestive heart failure, severe liver disease (cirrhosis), kidney disease, or steroid or hormonal medication.

TAK-044 is an endotheliin receptor antagonist that prevents and reverses the development of carbon tetrachloride induced cirrhosis in rats. TAK-044 showed a protective effect on neuronal activity in vitro hypoxic glucose deprivation model of stroke.

Sodium Glucuronic Acid (4-FLUOROCINNAMONITRILE) 用于治疗肝炎和肝硬化。

Taurohyocholic acid (THCA) is a taurine-conjugated form of the porcine-specific primary bile acid hyocholic acid .1THCA inhibits precipitation of cholesterol crystals by stabilizing cholesterol in the liquid-crystalline phase.2It prevents cholestasis and cellular necrosis induced by taurolithocholic acid in isolated rat livers.3THCA levels are increased in the urine of patients with hepatitis B-induced cirrhosis.4

CT52923是一种选择性、口服活性的血小板衍生生长因子受体(PDGFR)拮抗剂，以ATP竞争性抑制作用功能。它适用于多种病理性疾病的研究，包括动脉粥样硬化、肾小球肾炎、肝硬化、肺纤维化和癌症。

Paromomycin (Sulfate Salt) is an aminoglycoside that is active against Gram-negative and many Gram-positive bacteria as well as some protozoa and cestodes. Paromomycin in combination with sodium stibogluconate has proven to be effective in African and Indian VL (visceral leishmaniasis) and improves survival in African VL[3]. PS (Paromomycin Sulfate) is effective for elimination of B. coli without hematological side effects[4]. The activity of phosphoglucose isomerase was slightly inhibited by 10(-3) M paromomycin sulfate while those of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were not inhibited[5]. In addition, with regard to correlation of endotoxemia with renal impairment, endogenous creatinine clearance and p-aminohippurate clearance were significantly improved (P less than 0.02) in those patients whose endotoxemia disappeared on paromomycin sulfate administration. Paromomycin sulfate seems to be effective in the prevention of endotoxemia and the associated renal impairment in cirrhosis in man[6]. Significantly higher frequencies of resistance to paromomycin, kanamycin, neomycin and tobramycin were observed in S. aureus isolates from PS (paromomycin supplemented) birds. Paromomycin supplementation resulted in resistance to aminoglycosides in bacteria of PS turkeys. Co-selection for resistance to other antimicrobial agents was observed in E. coli isolates[7].

Etozolin HCl is a safe and effective diuretic agent in the treatment of acute cardiac failure. In isolated rings of guinea-pig aorta not responding to acetylcholine, the diuretic dexetozoline did not influence basal vascular tone but inhibited noradrenaline- and histamine-induced contractions. Dexetozoline has a very high bioavailability after oral administration and is fairly lipohilic. The half-life of etozolin is 2.5 h. Dexetozoline accumulates in cirrhosis.

BMS-986339 是一种具有口服活性的FXR 激动剂。BMS-986339 可与 His298 和 ASN287 残基形成氢键。BMS-986339 可用于原发性胆汁性肝硬化 (PBC)、原发性硬化性胆管炎 (PSC)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH)，和抗纤维化研究。

BI‑3231 是一种具有选择性和高效性的羟基类固醇 17ß-脱氢酶 13 HSD17B13 抑制剂，抑制 hHSD17B13 和 mHSD17B13。BI‑3231 可用于研究酒精相关肝损伤、纤维化和肝硬化。

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (Ademetionine) 是一种具有有效的抗抑郁和减轻疼痛作用的膳食补充剂，是通过蛋氨酸腺苷转移酶的作用由蛋氨酸和 ATP 内源性生产的，是一种重要的口服具有活力的甲基供体，能够用于肝病和骨关节炎的研究。

Silybin 是一种来自于Silybum 的黄酮类化合物，可抑制P-糖蛋白辅助的细胞外流，可抑制细胞色素P450酶，具有耐受性良好的优点，可用于肝中毒和慢性肝炎及肝硬化的辅助治疗，在化妆品应用上具有抗氧化和抗炎活性，还能够阻断MCT8转运蛋白。

Simtuzumab 是一种针对赖氨酰氧化酶样蛋白 2 (LOXL2) 的单克隆抗体。Simtuzumab 可用于治疗原发性硬化性胆管炎 (PSC)，对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎引起的桥接性纤维化或代偿性肝硬化患者无效 。

Invopressin (Compound 42)，一种vasopressin V1A 受体部分激动剂（EC50: 1.0 nM），主要应用于肝硬化相关症状如细菌性腹膜炎、HRS2 及难治性腹水的研究。