reductases

Tuberostemonine (Tuberstemonine) 是一种生物碱，可作为抗疟疾剂，有较高的肠道通透性。

WR99210 hydrochloride 是恶性疟原虫二氢叶酸还原酶 (pfDHFR) 的有效抑制剂，pfDHFR 是主要的疟疾药物靶点。它对野生型、双突变体和四突变体二氢叶酸还原酶具有亚纳摩尔效力。

ND-011992 是一种靶向醌还原酶 (quinone reductases) 和醌氧化酶 (quinol oxidases)的喹唑啉类抑制剂，具有可逆性和选择性。ND-011992 对大肠杆菌 BL21*Δcyo 呼吸复合体I (respiratory complex I) 、 bo3 氧化酶(bo3 oxidase)、 bd-I 氧化酶 (bd-I oxidases) 和 bd-II 氧化酶 (bd-II oxidases)具有抑制作用，IC50 分别为 0.12、2.47、0.63 和 1.3 μM。ND-011992 可以用于研究肺结核。

Meglutol (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid) 是一种抗血脂剂，可降低胆固醇、甘油三酯、血清 β-脂蛋白和磷脂。它抑制胆固醇生物合成中的限速酶羟甲基戊二酰辅酶 A 还原酶的活性。

Apaziquone has potential antineoplastic and radiosensitization activities. It is converted to active metabolites in hypoxic cells by intracellular reductases, which are present in greater amounts in hypoxic tumor cells. The active metabolites alkylate DNA

Metioprim is a competitive bacterial dihydrofolate reductases inhibitor.

A 1110U is an inactivator of herpes simplex virus ribonucloetide reductases.

Olsalazine-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of olsalazine by GC- or LC-MS. Olsalazine is an orally bioavailable prodrug form of the anti-inflammatory agent 5-aminosalicylic acid that is cleaved by bacterial azo reductases in the gut to generate active 5-ASA.1In vitro, olsalazine increases ion transport in isolated rabbit distal ileum when applied to the luminal side (ED50= 0.3 mM) and stimulates fluid transport in rat jejunum when used at a concentration of 5 mM.2,3Olsalazine (150 mg/kg for 8 days) improves stool consistency and decreases occult and gross bleeding as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and leukotriene B4levels in colon tissue in a mouse model of acute colitis induced by dextran sulfate .4Olsalazine also inhibits bovine xanthine oxidasein vitro(IC50= 3.4 mg/L) and lowers serum uric acid levels in a mouse model of hyperuricemia induced by oxonic acid when administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg.5Formulations containing olsalazine have been used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ulcerative colitis. 1.Nugent, S.G., Kumar, D., Rampton, D.S., et al.Intestinal luminal pH in inflammatory bowel disease: Possible determinants and implications for therapy with aminosalicylates and other drugsGut48(4)571-577(2001) 2.Pamukcu, R., Hanauer, S.B., and Chang, E.B.Effect of disodium azodisalicylate on electrolyte transport in rabbit ileum and colon in vitro. Comparison with sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acidGastroenterology95(4)975-981(1988) 3.Mohsen, A.Q.M., Mulvey, D., Priddle, J.D., et al.Effects of olsalazine in the jejunum of the ratGut28(3)346-352(1987) 4.Murthy, S., Murthy, N.S., Coppola, D., et al.The efficacy of BAY y 1015 in dextran sulfate model of mouse colitisInflamm. Res.46(6)224-233(1997) 5.Niu, Y., Li, H., Gao, L., et al.Old drug, new indication: Olsalazine sodium reduced serum uric acid levels in mice via inhibiting xanthine oxidoreductase activityJ. Pharmacol. Sci.135(3)114-120(2017)

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is a purine nucleotide and derivative of the nucleic acid adenosine 5'-triphosphate .1dATP is a substrate for DNA polymerase in the synthesis of DNA.2It is a noncompetitive inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductases, which provides feedback inhibition during DNA synthesis.1dATP has commonly been used in DNA synthesis, sequencing, and labeling in research applications.3,4dATP accumulates in adenosine deaminase deficiency, a disorder characterized by mutations in the gene for adenosine deaminase, the enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine.5 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Key steps in nucleotide biosynthesis are regulated by feedback inhibitionBiochemistry(2002) 2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.DNA is replicated by polymerases that take instructions from templatesBiochemistry(2002) 3.Cadwell, R.C., and Joyce, G.F.Randomization of genes by PCR mutagenesisPCR Methods Appl.2(1)28-33(1992) 4.Steffens, D.L., Jang, G.Y., Sutter, S.L., et al.An infrared fluorescent dATP for labeling DNAGenome Res.5(4)393-399(1995) 5.Flinn, A.M., and Gennery, A.R.Adenosine deaminase deficiency: A reviewOrphanet J. Rare Dis.13(1)65(2018)

Baquiloprim为一种抗生素，作为细菌二氢叶酸还原酶的选择性抑制剂，对革兰氏阴性及革兰氏阳性细菌展现体外抑菌活性。

2-Butenoyl coenzyme A (lithium) 是一种活性化合物，作为恶性疟原虫烯酰基-ACP还原酶及其他烯酰基-CoA还原酶的底物。2-Butenoyl coenzyme A lithium 还可作为底物类似物用于研究 β-羟酰基-酰基载体蛋白 (ACP) 脱水酶 (FabZ) 的动力学。