Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) is a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) identified in environmental samples such as lake trout tissue. Perfluorododecanoic acid reduces the viability of PC12 neuronal cells, elevates reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential, collectively indicating its strong oxidative and mitochondrial toxicity, thereby highlighting its environmental and toxicological significance as a persistent organic pollutant.