MEG (0.1-1000 μM; 18 h) reduces nitrite accumulation in the supernatant of cultured J774.2 macrophages activated with LPS (10 μg/mL) and INF (50 μg/mL). MEG inhibits iNOS activity in homogenates of lungs taken from LPS-treated rats[1]. MEG (1 μM-3 mM; 3 min) dose-dependently inhibits the peroxynitrite-induced oxidation of cytochrome c2+ and hydroxylation of benzoate. MEG (1-300 μM) inhibits the suppression of mitochondrial respiration and DNA single strand breakage in response to peroxynitrite in J774 cells. MEG (300 μM; 30 min) inhibits the suppression of vascular contractility in response to peroxynitrite in thoracic aortic rings[2].

MEG (30-60 mg/kg; a single i.p.) decreases mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of normal rats[1]. MEG (10 mg/kg; i.p. for 5 d) attenuates the degree of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and peroxynitrites level and ameliorated the decrease of antioxidant enzymes activities in the esophagus of rats subjected to caustic burn injury[3]. MEG (10 mg/kg; a single i.p.) improves the renal dysfunction and tissue injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of rat kidney[4].