sting-in-2

STING-IN-2 (C-170) 是一种 STING 共价抑制剂，可抑制小鼠 STING (mmSTING) 和人类 STING (hsSTING)，可用于自身炎症性疾病的研究。

2',3'-cGAMP sodium (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP sodium) 是细胞天然免疫中第二信使，在 DNA 结合条件下由 cGAMP 合成酶 (cGAS) 催化形成。2',3'-cGAMP sodium 可与 STING 结合形成二聚体，诱导 IFN-β 及其他细胞因子的产生和表达。

MSA-2 是可口服的非核苷酸 STING 激动剂，MSA-2 的非共价体系二聚体与 STING 纳摩尔亲和力结合。它在同基因小鼠肿瘤模型中显示抗肿瘤活性，与抗 PD-1 协同作用，可刺激肿瘤分泌干扰素-β，诱导肿瘤消退，具有持久的抗肿瘤免疫。[3]

2',3'-cGAMP (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP) 是细胞天然免疫中第二信使，在DNA结合条件下由 cGAMP 合成酶 (cGAS) 催化形成。2',3'-cGAMP 可与 STING 结合形成二聚体，诱导干扰素-β（IFN-β）及其他细胞因子的产生和表达。

STING ligand-2为STING的特定配体，适用于合成以STING为靶蛋白的PROTAC降解剂STING-IN-10。

cAIMP作为STING激动剂，在体外的哺乳动物细胞中，与标准的小鼠（DMXAA）和人类（2',3'-cGAMP）STING激动剂相比，cAIMP类似物能更强烈地激活STING依赖的IRF和NF-κB信号通路。在人类血液的离体实验中，它们能诱导I型干扰素（IFNs）和促炎细胞因子的产生。

5'-pApA is a linearized form of cyclic di-AMP, a bacterial second messenger that activates the host innate immune system through stimulator of interferon genes (STING).1,2,3,4It is a metabolite of cyclic di-AMP formedviahydrolysis by various phosphodiesterases (PDEs).55'-pApA is intended for use as a negative control for cyclic di-AMP signaling. 1.Burdette, D.L., Monroe, K.M., Sotelo-Troha, K., et al.STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic-di-GMPNature478(7370)515-518(2011) 2.Parvatiyar, K., Zhang, Z., Teles, R.M., et al.DDX41 recognizes bacterial secondary messengers cyclic di-GMP and cyclic di-AMP to activate a type I interferon immune responseNat. Immunol.13(12)1155-1161(2012) 3.Woodward, J.J., Iavarone, A.T., and Portnoy, D.A.c-di-AMP secreted by intracellular Listeria monocytogenes activates a host type I interferon responseScience328(5986)1703-1705(2010) 4.Witte, C.E., Whiteley, A.T., Burke, T.P., et al.Cyclic di-AMP is critical for Listeria monocytogenes growth, cell wall homeostasis, and establishment of infectionmBio4(3)e00282-00213(2013) 5.Fahmi, T., Port, G.C., and Cho, K.H.c-di-AMP: An essential molecule in the signaling pathways that regulate the viability and virulence of gram-positive bacteriaGenes (Basel)8(8)197(2017)

3,3'-((2-Chlorophenyl)methylene)bis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one) is a non-nucleotide inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1; Ki = 50 μM).1,2 It also inhibits urease (IC50 = 84.53 μM for the Jack bean enzyme).3 |1. Choudhary, M.I., Fatima, N., Khan, K.M., et al. New biscoumarin derivatives-cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibitory activities. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14(23), 8066-8072 (2006).|2. Onyedibe, K.I., Wang, M., and Sintim, H.O. ENPP1, an old enzyme with new functions, and small molecule inhibitors - A STING in the tale of ENPP1. Molecules 24(22), E4192 (2019).|3. Khan, K.M., Iqbal, S., Lodhi, M.A., et al. Biscoumarin: New class of urease inhibitors; economical synthesis and activity. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 12(8), 1963-1968 (2004).

MSA-2 dimer is a selective, orally active non-nucleotide STING agonist (Kd=145 μM) with long-term antitumor and immunogenic activity. MSA-2 dimer is bound to STING as a non-covalent dimer exhibiting higher permeability than cyclic dinucleotide[1]. MSA-2 dimer (60 mg kg; p.o.; 50 days) inhibits tumor growth and prolongs overall survival[1]. MSA-2 dimer (40 mg kg; s.c.; 25 days) induces complete tumor regression[1].MSA-2 dimer (60 mg kg; p.o.; 4 hours) increases proinflammatory cytokine (IFN-β) level in tumors[1].MSA-2 dimer (60 mg kg; s.c.; 4 hours) concentrations is observed in tumors than in plasma or other nontumor tissues [1].MSA-2 dimer (THP-1 cells) induces phosphorylation of both TBK1 and IR. MSA-2 dimer (10 μM and 33 μM; macrophages) induces IFN-β[1].MSA-2 dimer also exhibits dose-dependent antitumor activity when administered by IT, SC, or PO routes[1]. [1]. Pan BS, et al. An orally available non-nucleotide STING agonist with antitumor activity. Science. 2020;369(6506):eaba6098.

CAY10761 is an inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1; IC50s = 467 and 429 μM for the human and snake venom enzymes, respectively).1,2 It also inhibits mushroom tyrosinase (Ki = 1.9 μM) and urease from jack bean, P. mirabilis, and B. pasteurii (IC50s = 0.093, <0.125, and 0.089 mM, respectively, at pH 8.2).3,4 |1. Khan, K.M., Fatima, N., Rasheed, M., et al. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione and its analogues: A new class of non-competitive nucleotide pyrophosphatases phosphodiesterases 1 inhibitors. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17(22), 7816-7822 (2009).|2. Onyedibe, K.I., Wang, M., and Sintim, H.O. ENPP1, an old enzyme with new functions, and small molecule inhibitors - A STING in the tale of ENPP1. Molecules 24(22), E4192 (2019).|3. Ghani, U., and Ullah, N. New potent inhibitors of tyrosinase: Novel clues to binding of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thiones, 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones, 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thiones, and substituted hydrazides to the dicopper active site. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 18(11), 4042-4048 (2010).|4. Amtul, Z., Rasheed, M., Choudhary, M.I., et al. Kinetics of novel competitive inhibitors of urease enzymes by a focused library of oxadiazoles thiadiazoles and triazoles. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 319(3), 1053-1063 (2004).

93-O17S is a chalcogen-containing cationic lipidoid.1It has been used in the synthesis of lipid nanoparticles (LPNs) for the delivery of Cre recombinase and ribonucleoproteins for genome editing in mice. LPNs containing 93-O17S have been used for the intratumoral delivery of cGAMP to enhance cross-presentation of tumor antigens and stimulation of interferon genes (STING) activation in a B16 F10 murine melanoma model.2 1.Li, Y., Yang, T., Yu, Y., et al.Combinatorial library of chalcogen-containing lipidoids for intracellular delivery of genome-editing proteinsBiomaterials178652-662(2018) 2.Chen, J., Qiu, M., Ye, Z., et al.In situ cancer vaccination using lipidoid nanoparticlesSci. Adv.7(19)eabf1244(2021)

2',3'-cGAMP-C2-PPA (45) is a cyclic di-nucleotide that acts as a STING agonist (US20210015941A1). It is a drug-linker conjugate for antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) used in the targeted treatment of cancer.

Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) diammonium 是一种STING 激活剂和无处不在的第二信使，调节生物膜的形成、运动和各种细菌的毒力。

cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMPP) diammonium 是一种内源性第二信使，通过触发干扰素的产生来响应胞浆 DNA。它通过激活干扰素基因刺激因子（STING），启动信号级联，进而导致I型干扰素及其他免疫介质的生成。

c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium 作为一种STING 激动剂，通过结合STING 激活TBK3-IRF3 信号途径，引发I 型 IFN 和 TNF 产生，兼具细菌第二信使功能，在革兰氏阳性细菌中调控细胞生长、存活及毒力，并影响宿主免疫反应。此外，作为有效的粘膜佐剂，它能刺激体液和细胞反应。

Mal-VC-PAB-(N-Me-amide-C3)-ADU-S100 triethylamine 是一种免疫刺激物抗体偶联物 (ISAC)，包含抗人表皮生长因子受体 2 (HER2) 抗体、STING 激动剂 (ADU- S100) 和一个连接子。Mal-VC-PAB-(N-Me-amide-C3)-ADU-S100 triethylamine 可用于癌症研究。

STINGagonist-22 (CF501) 是一种有效的非核苷酸STING 激动剂。STINGagonist-22 是一种佐剂，通过激活STING 来诱导 I 型干扰素 (IFN-I) 反应和促炎细胞因子的产生。STINGagonist-22 可用作增强原始蛋白疫苗的佐剂，产生有效、广泛和长期的免疫保护。STINGagonist-22 可用于 SARS-CoV-2 变异和 sarbecovirus 疾病研究。

PROTAC STING Degrader-2 是针对 Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) 的蛋白质降解剂，具有DC50为0.53 μM的活性。它通过同时与STING蛋白和E3泛素连接酶共价结合，诱导STING蛋白的降解。该化合物可用于研究STING在自身炎症和自身免疫性疾病中的作用。

Pachypodol 是一种从 Pogostemon cablin Bentham 中分离的甲氧基类黄酮，具有抗氧化和细胞保护作用，可在体外抑制 CaCo 2 结肠癌细胞系的生长。Pachypodol 通过调节 JNK ERK 通路保护新生大鼠免受麻醉诱导的发育中大脑凋亡的影响。