insulin-like

BMS-536924 (BMS 536924) 是一种具有口服活性，竞争性和选择性的胰岛素样生长因子受体激酶和胰岛素受体抑制剂，IC50分别为 100 nM 和 73 nM。它具有抗癌活性。

Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-2)为人血清中主要生长激素，对神经突生长具有许可性和直接作用，同时增强交感与感觉神经元的生存能力。

Suramin Sodium Salt (BAY-205) 是可逆的竞争性蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制剂。它抑制 IP5K，是抗寄生虫，抗肿瘤和抗血管生成剂。它是sirtuins 的有效抑制剂，也是 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶抑制剂。

Linsitinib (OSI-906) 是选择性的、有效的、具有口服活性的IGF-1和胰岛素受体(IR)的双重抑制剂，IC50分别为 35 和 75 nM。

Indirubin Derivative E804 是高效的类胰岛素生长因子1型受体 (IGF1R) 抑制剂，具有潜在的抗肿瘤活性。

KW-2450 free base 是一种 IGF-1R IR和酪氨酸激酶多重抑制剂 具有抗肿瘤活性。KW-2450 free base 在小鼠 HT-29 GFP 结肠癌异种移植模型中显示出适度的生长抑制活性并抑制 IGF-1 诱导的信号转导。

Saxagliptin hydrate (Onglyza hydrate) 是一种选择性，竞争性，可逆性和口服活性的二肽基肽酶 4 (DPP-4) (Ki= 0.6-1.3 nM) 抑制剂。Saxagliptin hydrate 能够用于 2 型糖尿病的研究。

Sodium orthovanadate 是一种蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶，碱性磷酸酶和一些ATP 酶的抑制剂，有可能充当磷酸盐类似物。它具有胰岛素样作用、对心室肌的正性肌力作用和其他代谢作用。

S961是一种高亲和力和选择性胰岛素受体(IR)拮抗剂，接近闪烁计数法试验中对HIR-A、HIR-B 和人胰岛素样生长因子I 受体(HIGF-IR)的ic50分别为0.048、0.027和630 nM。

ML-290 是一个松弛素 胰岛素样肽受体 (RXFP1) 偏向变构激动剂，为抗纤维化基因激活剂，EC50为 94 nM。

Semaglutide是一种类glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)受体激动剂。该化合物通过模仿胰高血糖素样肽-1降低血糖水平。它还能促进胰岛β细胞的生长，这些细胞负责胰岛素的生产和释放。此外，Semaglutide抑制胰高血糖素的产生，该激素增加糖原分解（肝脏储存的碳水化合物的释放）和糖异生（新葡萄糖的合成）。通过降低食欲和减缓胃部消化过程，它还能减少食物摄入，从而帮助减少体内脂肪。

KM04794, 一种具有伴侣蛋白样功能的小分子化合物，可缓解ER应激。该化合物有效阻止了由ER应激源和突变胰岛素蛋白引起的蛋白质聚集和细胞死亡。

NVP-DPP728 是一种有效、可逆、腈依赖性二肽基肽酶 IV (DPP-IV)抑制剂，Ki 值为 11 nM。NVP-DPP728 可抑制胰高血糖素样肽-1 (GLP-1)的降解，从而增强响应于葡萄糖摄入的胰岛素释放。NVP-DPP728 可用于糖尿病研究。

BMS754807 是一种可逆的IGF-1R 抑制剂 (IC50:1.8 nM，Ki<2 nM)，也是一种可逆的IR 抑制剂 (IC50:7 nM，Ki<2 nM)。它也抑制 Met (IC50:6 nM)，RON (IC50:44 nM)，TrkA (IC50:7 nM)，TrkB (IC50:4 nM)，AurA (IC50:9 nM) 和 AurB (IC50:25 nM) 的活性。

GSK2163632A is an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor inhibitor that acts by binding to a novel region of the GRK active site cleft.

PF-06372222 is a small-molecule negative allosteric modulator of the glucagon receptor (GCGR). PF-06372222 is also an antagonist for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor GLP-1R, which inhibits glucagon secretion and glucose-dependent insulin secretion.

AS1069562 is an inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) reuptake which acts by notably restoring reduced insulin-like growth factor 1 and fibroblast growth factor 2 mRNA levels in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord, respectively.

AZ12253801 is a type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor.

BMS-695735, a benzimidazole inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, has broad-spectrum antitumor activity in vivo. It was found that BMS-695735 had strong inhibition of CYP3A4, induction of CYP3A4 mediated by PXR transactivation, poor water so

Osteocalcin (1-49) is a non-collagenous peptide that is secreted by osteoblasts and odontoblasts and comprises 1-2% of the total protein in bone. Secretion of osteocalcin (1-49) is stimulated by 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D and plasma levels increase in diseases that induce dysregulated bone turnover such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Osteocalcin (1-49) is positively correlated with insulin sensitivity and negatively correlated with high blood glucose levels in women. In vitro, osteocalcin induces chemotaxis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, human peripheral blood monocytes, and rat osteosarcoma cells with osteoblast-like characteristics. It is also expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) displaying an osteoblast-like phenotype and has been positively associated with calcification of aortic tissue and heart valves in humans.

Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011). Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4 References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011).

CC260 is a selective PI5P4Kα and PI5P4Kβ inhibitor with Kis of 40 nM and 30 nM, respectively. CC260 does not inhibit or weakly inhibits other protein kinases, such as Plk1 and RSK2. CC260 can be used for cell energy metabolism, diabetes and cancer research[1]. In cultured C2C12 myotubes, CC260 (20 μM) enhances Insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation at both Thr-308 and Ser-473 but suppresses S6K phosphorylation (Thr-389) by mTORC1[1]. CC260 (2.5 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM) significantly increases phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in a dose-dependent manner[1]. CC260 treatment reduces the ability of BT474 cells to survive serum starvation, which could be rescued by expressing the PI5P4Kβ refractory mutant[1]. In BT474 cells, CC260 treatment causes an increase in glycolytic ATP production[1]. [1]. Song Chen, et al. Pharmacological inhibition of PI5P4Kα β disrupts cell energy metabolism and selectively kills p53- tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 May 25;118(21):e2002486118.

D-Pinitol (Methylinositol) 是一种存在于几种植物中，如松科和豆科植物的天然产物，具有抗病毒、杀幼虫、降血糖活性和心血管系统保护作用。

IGF-1R inhibitor-2 (example 121) is a compound that inhibits the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R). By downregulating the IGF-1R, it has the potential to reverse the transformed phenotype of tumor cells and make them more susceptible to apoptosis.