Carbon-13 Labeled Compounds

L-Lysine-13C6-15N2 Hydrochloride 是一种 13C 和 15N 标记的 L-Lysine hydrochloride。L-lysine hydrochloride 是人类必需的氨基酸，也是一种常见的食品添加剂，需要通过饮食摄入。L-lysine hydrochloride 可刺激胃蛋白酶与胃酸的分泌，提高胃液分泌功效，促进幼儿生长与发育。

Phenol-13C6 是一种 13C 标记的 Phenol。Phenol 是一种重要的化化工原材料，可用用于制造杀菌剂和除草剂。

D-Fructose-13C6 可用作通过 GC-或 LC-MS 定量 D-果糖的内标。

L-Leucine-1-13C (L-Leucine-13C)是一种 13C 标记的 L-Leucine，显著增强了 GLP-4 的亲和力。

Vancomycin-C13,D3 是一种由 13C 和 2H 标记的化合物。Vancomycin 是一种糖肽类抗生素，可以通过改变细胞膜的渗透性并选择性地抑制核糖核酸的合成以发挥抗菌活性。

Apalutamide-13C-d3 (RN-509-13C,d3) 是一种 13C 和 2H 标记的 Apalutamide。Apalutamide 是高效性的雄激素受体 (AR) 拮抗剂，可用于研究前列腺疾病。

Riluzole-13C,15N2 (PK 26124-13C,15N2) 是 13C 和 15N 标记的 Riluzole。 Riluzole 是一种谷氨酸拮抗剂，具有抗惊厥活性，抑制 GABA 摄取，可用于研究肌萎缩侧索硬化症。

Binimetinib-13C-d3（比美替尼-13C-d3，MEK162-13C-d3）是Binimetinib的同位素标记化合物，可用于示踪。Binimetinib (ARRY-162) 是一种选择性的MEK1/2 抑制剂，用于治疗黑色素瘤。

Apixaban 13C,d3是Apixaban的氘代标记物，可用于同位素示踪。 是一种选择性的凝血因子 Xa (Factor Xa) 抑制剂，用于研究血栓栓塞。

Cyanuric acid-13C3是Cyanuric acid的13C标记化合物，可用于同位素示踪。Cyanuric acid是三嗪类化合物、杀菌剂和除草剂。

4-Trifluoromethylsalicylic acid-13C6 是 13C 标记的 4-Trifluoromethylsalicylic acid，主要用于药物开发过程中的定量示踪剂。4-Trifluoromethylsalicylic acid 也是一种血小板聚集抑制剂。

Nitisinone-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nitisinone by GC- or LC-MS. Nitisinone is an inhibitor of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), which converts 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPPA) to homogentisate in the tyrosine catabolic pathway.1Nitisinone increases urinary levels of HPPA and 4-hydroxyphenyllactate (HPLA) in rats when administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Nitisinone (3 mg/kg) prevents the neonatal lethality of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) deficiency in mice when administered to pregnant dams.2It exhibits hepatoprotective effects inFAH-/-mice, such as prevention of increases in plasma levels of aspartate serine aminotransferase (AST) and conjugated bilirubin, when administration is continued following birth at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Nitisinone (100 μg) decreases urinary excretion of homogentisate and increases urinary excretion of HPPA, HPLA, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate in a mouse model of alkaptonuria induced by ethylnitrosourea.3Formulations containing nitisinone have been used in the treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT-1). 1.Ellis, M.K., Whitfield, A.C., Gowans, L.A., et al.Inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase by 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-cyclohexane-1,3-dione and 2-(2-chloro-4-methanesulfonylbenzoyl)-cyclohexane-1,3-dioneToxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.133(1)12-19(1995) 2.Grompe, M., Lindstedt, S., al-Dhalimy, M., et al.Pharmacological correction of neonatal lethal hepatic dysfunction in a murine model of hereditary tyrosinaemia type INat. Genet.10(4)453-460(1995) 3.Suzuki, Y., Oda, K., Yoshikawa, Y., et al.A novel therapeutic trial of homogentisic aciduria in a murine model of alkaptonuriaJ. Hum. Genet.44(2)79-84(1999)

2-Nitrobenzaldehyde semicarbazone (13C, 15N2) is utilized in the LC-MS/MS method for semicarbazide analysis.

1,2-Dioleoyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol by GC- or LC-MS. 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol that contains oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. It effectively binds the C1 domain to activate conventional protein kinase C forms and serves as a substrate for diacylglycerol kinases and multisubstrate lipid kinase.1,2,3 |1. Yamaguchi, Y., Shirai, Y., Matsubara, T., et al. Phosphorylation and up-regulation of diacylglycerol kinase γ via its interaction with protein kinase Cγ. J. Biol. Chem. 281(42), 31627-31637 (2006).|2. Zhou, Q.Z., Raynor, R.L., Wood, M.G., Jr., et al. Structure-activity relationship of synthetic branched-chain distearoylglycerol (distearin) as protein kinase C activators. Biochemistry 27(19), 7361-7365 (1988).|3. Epand, R.M., Shulga, Y.V., Timmons, H.C., et al. Substrate chirality and specificity of diacylglycerol kinases and the multisubstrate lipid kinase. Biochemistry 46(49), 14225-14231 (2007).

Cefotaxime-d3 是一种氘标记的 Cefotaxime，其为对 β-内酰胺酶稳定的头孢菌素，属于第三代头孢菌素抗生素，具有对多种革兰氏阳性菌及革兰氏阴性菌的广谱抗生素活性。

L-Homocysteine-d4 是一种氘代标记的 L-Homocysteine。

Moxifloxacin-d4 hydrochloride (BAY 12-8039-d4) 是氘标记 Moxifloxacin 的盐酸盐。Moxifloxacin 是一种口服有效的抗菌剂，用于研究急性细菌性鼻窦炎、慢性支气管炎的急性细菌性加重和感染性肺炎。

1,2,3-Trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol by GC- or LC-MS. 1,2,3-Trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol that contains octanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions. Dietary administration of 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol increases hippocampal levels of the glycolytic metabolites glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, and β-hydroxybutyrate and the seizure threshold in the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test in mice.1 Formulations containing 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol have been used in cosmetic products as thickening and skin-conditioning agents.

L-Lactic acid-13C3 是 L-lactic acid 的稳定同位素标记类似物，其中三个碳原子被非放射性的 ¹³C 同位素取代，可用于精确追踪代谢通路中的乳酸通量。L-Lactic acid-13C3 被广泛应用于代谢谱分析、同位素示踪实验及糖酵解重编程研究，在生理和病理条件下为乳酸周转的定量分析提供了较高的分析灵敏度。

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

[11C]-MK-7337 是经 11C 标记的 MK-7337。MK-7337 是一种 α-突触核蛋白 (α-synuclein) 的 PET 配体。经 11C 标记的 MK-7337 可用作帕金森病等神经退行性疾病成像的 PET 示踪剂。

Cefazolin-13C2,15N is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of cefazolin by GC- or LC-MS. Cefazolin is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that is active in vitro against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 0.2-12.5 μg/ml). It also inhibits the growth of clinical isolates of S. aureus, E. coli, P. mirabilis, and K. pneumoniae (MICs = 0.1-25 μg/ml). In vivo, cefazolin protects against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. mirabilis infection in mice (ED50s = <0.09-1.78, 0.44-3.63, and 2.31-5.2 mg/animal, respectively). Formulations containing cefazolin have been used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.

Oleic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of oleic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid and a major component of membrane phospholipids that has been found in human plasma, cell membranes, and adipose tissue.1,2 It contributes approximately 17% of the total fatty acids esterified to phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid class in porcine platelets.1 Oleic acid inhibits collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation by approximately 90% when used at a concentration of 10 μg/ml. It also inhibits fMLF-induced neutrophil aggregation and degranulation by 55 and 68%, respectively, when used at a concentration of 5 μM, similar to arachidonic acid .3 Oleic acid (60 μM) induces release of intracellular calcium in human platelets.4

Aflatoxin G2-13C17is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of aflatoxin G2by GC- or LC-MS. Aflatoxin G2is a mycotoxin that has been found inAspergillus.1It is lethal to ducklings (LD50= 2.83 mg/kg) but is non-toxic to rats when administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg.2 1.Bennett, J.W., and Klich, M.MycotoxinsClin. Microbiol. Rev.16(3)497-516(2003) 2.Wogan, G.N., Edwards, G.S., and Newberne, P.M.Structure-activity relationships in toxicity and carcinogenicity of aflatoxins and analogsCancer Res.31(12)1936-1942(1971)