hl 2

HL2-m5 是 sonic hedgehog patched (Shh PTCH1) 相互作用的抑制剂，其对 Shh 的 Kd 为 170 nM。HL2-m5 能有效抑制 Hedgehog 信号通路的激活和 Gli 控制基因的转录，IC50 为 230 nM。

HL271, a derivative of metformin, is a potent AMPK activator that increases AMPK phosphorylation. HL271 attenuates aging-associated cognitive impairment.

HL22 是骆驼蓬碱的衍生物。它对 HCT116、MGC803 和 MCF7 三种癌细胞系表现出显著的抑制作用，并能够抑制 MGC803 细胞的迁移和单克隆形成。HL22 的抗癌机制涉及多种代谢通路，适用于肿瘤研究。

CHL2310 是 CYP46A1 的一种抑制剂，IC50 为 0.11 nM，Kd 为 0.37 nM，并且能够穿透血脑屏障。CHL2310 经放射性 18F 标记后，可作为 PET 成像剂使用。

Flavopiridol hydrochloride (MDL 107826A) 是一种CDK 的广谱抑制剂，与 ATP 竞争性地抑制 CDK1，CDK2 和 CDK4 的活性，IC50值分别为 30, 170, 100 nM。

IMMU-114 是靶向 HLA-DR 的人源化抗体，可抑制人对牛的细胞反应，可用于研究恶性肿瘤。

HL23是一种HDAC抑制剂，对抗HCC具有活性。通过增强TXNIP启动子乙酰化，此化合物上调TXNIP表达，进而介导钾通道活性并触发TXNIP依赖性钾剥夺，抑制HCC的进展和转移。HL23与Sorafenib联合应用时显示出协同作用，并且其效力超过Sorafenib与Vorinostat的联用。

Cyclophosphamide 是一种烷化剂，具有抗肿瘤及免疫抑制活性，用于治疗多种癌症。

Valproic Acid (2-Propylpentanoic Acid) 是一种 HDAC 抑制剂，可抑制 HDAC1 活性，诱导 HDAC2 降解，具有口服活性。Valproic Acid 可以用于癫痫和躁郁症的研究。

GP 1a 是cannabinoid receptor 2（CB2）的强效激动剂（EC50=7.1),是在cAMP、GTPγS 和β-arrestin 招募试验中显示的。GP 1a 对CB2受体的选择性约为CB1受体的30倍，且在体外增加HL-60细胞的P-ERK1 2表达。GP 1a 对皮肤伤口愈合有益。GP 1a 可抑制炎症和纤维生成，同时促进上皮的重新形成。

Clofilium tosylate 是一种钾通道阻滞剂，可诱导人早幼粒细胞白血病细胞凋亡，具有抗心律失常作用。

Alisertib (MLN 8237) 是一种 Aurora A 激酶抑制剂 (IC50=1.2 nM)，具有口服活性和选择性。Alisertib 具有抗肿瘤活性，可以诱导细胞凋亡和自噬，诱导细胞周期阻滞。

Erianin 能抑制吲哚胺-2,3-双加氧酶诱导的肿瘤血管生成，可用作退烧药和止疼剂。

Tamarixetin (4'-O-Methyl Quercetin) 是一种槲皮素的天然类黄酮衍生物，具有抗氧化、抗炎作用，能够防止心肌肥厚。

CB2receptor agonist 8 (Compound 17) 是一种大麻素受体 2 (CB2 receptor) 激动剂。它在 U87、RPMI 8226、HL-60 和 L929 细胞系中表现出细胞毒性，IC50分别为 91.03、16.29、23.51 和 564.6 μM。该化合物激活 caspase3 7，增加促凋亡基因 BAX、BAD、BIM 和肿瘤抑制基因 p53 的表达，并在 U87 细胞中诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)，同时抑制 U87 细胞的迁移。

BAY R3401 是一种口服活性的 glycogen phosphorylase 抑制剂，能不可逆且非选择性抑制肝糖原分解。其在肝细胞中抑制糖原分解，HL-7702 和 HepG2 细胞中的IC50分别为27.06 μM和52.83 μM。BAY R3401 可用于2型糖尿病研究。

ABT-737 是 BH3 模拟物，是一种 Bcl-2、Bcl-xL 和 Bcl-w 的抑制剂 (EC50=30.3 nM 78.7 nM 197.8 nM)。ABT-737 具有抗肿瘤活性和抗衰老活性。

Crebanine 是来自于韦诺萨千金藤的一种生物碱，通过抑制 MAPKs 和 Akt 信号通路表现出抗炎活性，还具有抗心律失常的作用。它可诱导人类癌细胞的 G1阻滞和凋亡。

Tpl2 kinase inhibitor is an inhibitor of tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2; IC50= 0.05 μM).1It is selective for Tpl2 over MEK, p38 MAPK, Src, MK2, and PKC (IC50s = >40, 180, >400, 110, and >400 μM, respectively). Tpl2 kinase inhibitor inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α production in isolated human monocytes and whole blood (IC50s = 0.7 and 8.5 μM, respectively). It enhances differentiation induced by calcitriol in HL-60 and U937 leukemia cells when used at a concentration of 5 μM.2Tpl2 kinase inhibitor (5 μM) inhibits the proliferation of KG-1a leukemia cells.3 1.Garvin, L.K., Green, N., Hu, Y., et al.Inhibition of Tpl2 kinase and TNF-α production with 1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbonitriles: Synthesis and structure-activity relationshipsBioor. Med. Chem. Lett.15(23)5288-5292(2005) 2.Wang, X., and Studzinski, G.P.Expression of MAP3 kinase COT1 is up-regulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in parallel with activated c-jun during differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cellsJ. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol.121(1-2)395-398(2010) 3.Wang, X., Gocek, E., Novik, V., et al.Inhibition of Cot1/Tlp2 oncogene in AML cells reduces ERK5 activation and up-regulates p27Kip1 concomitant with enhancement of differentiation and cell cycle arrest induced by silibinin and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3Cell Cycle9(22)4542-4551(2010)

Emestrin is a mycotoxin originally isolated from E. striata that has antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and cytotoxic activities.1,2,3,4,5 It is active against the fungi C. albicans and C. neoformans, as well as the bacteria E. coli, S. aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; IC50s = 3.94, 0.6, 2.21, 4.55, and 2.21 μg ml, respectively).2 Emestrin is a chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist (IC50 = 5.4 μM in a radioligand binding assay using isolated human monocytes).3 Emestrin (0.1 μg ml) induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells.4 It induces heart, thymus, and liver tissue necrosis in mice when administered at doses ranging from 18 to 30 mg kg.5 |1. Seya, H., Nakajima, S., Kawai, K.-i., et al. Structure and absolute configuration of emestrin, a new macrocyclic epidithiodioxopiperazine from Emericella striata. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 10, 657-658 (1985).|2. Herath, H.M.T.B., Jacob, M., Wilson, A.D., et al. New secondary metabolites from bioactive extracts of the fungus Armillaria tabescens. Nat. Prod. Res. 27(17), 1562-1568 (2013).|3. Herath, K.B., Jayasuriya, H., Ondeyka, J.G., et al. Isolation and structures of novel fungal metabolites as chemokine receptor (CCR2) antagonists. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 58(11), 686-694 (2005).|4. Ueno, Y., Umemori, K., Niimi, E.-c., et al. Induction of apoptosis by T-2 toxin and other natural toxins in HL-60 human promyelotic leukemia cells. Nat. Toxins 3(3), 129-137 (1995).|5. Terao, K., Ito, E., Kawai, K.-i., et al. Experimental acute poisoning in mice induced by emestrin, a new mycotoxin isolated from Emericella species. Mycopathologia 112(2), 71-79 (1990).

AZD 1152 is an orally bioavailable prodrug of AZD 1152-HQPA, a selective inhibitor of Aurora kinase B (IC50= 0.36 nM).1AZD 1152 is converted to AZD 1152-HQPA in plasma. Inhibition of Aurora B results in disruption of spindle checkpoint functions and chromosome alignment, resulting in inhibition of cytokinesis followed by apoptosis.2,3AZD 1152 inhibits tumor xenograft growthin vivo.4,5 1.Mortlock, A.A., Foote, K.M., Heron, N.M., et al.Discovery, synthesis, and in vivo activity of a new class of pyrazoloquinazolines as selective inhibitors of aurora B kinaseJ. Med. Chem.50(9)2213-2224(2007) 2.Popescu, R., Heiss, E.H., Ferk, F., et al.Ikarugamycin induces DNA damage, intracellular calcium increase, p38 MAP kinase activation and apoptosis in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cellsMutation Research709-71060-66(2011) 3.Moore, A.S., Blagg, J., Linardopoulos, S., et al.Aurora kinase inhibitors: Novel small molecules with promising activity in acute myeloid and Philadelphia-positive leukemiasLeukemia24(4)671-678(2010) 4.Wilkinson, R.W., Odedra, R., Heaton, S.P., et al.AZD1152, a selective inhibitor of Aurora B kinase, inhibits human tumor xenograft growth by inducing apoptosisClin. Cancer. Res13(12)3682-3688(2007) 5.Yang, J., Ikezoe, T., Nishioka, C., et al.AZD1152, a novel and selective aurora B kinase inhibitor, induces growth arrest, apoptosis, and sensitization for tubulin depolymerizing agent or topoisomerase II inhibitor in human acute leukemia cells in vitro and in vivoBlood110(6)2034-2040(2007)

Nargenicin is a macrolide antibiotic that selectively inhibits the growth of S. aureus, methicilin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and M. luteus (MICs = 0.6, 0.3, and 2.5 μg ml, respectively) over a panel of 11 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = >80 μg ml). [1] It dose-dependently inhibits S. aureus DnaE in the presence of DNase I-activated DNA and E. coli DnaE when used at concentrations of 0.00001-0.1 and 0.01-100 μg mL, respectively. [2] In murine BV-2 microglial cells, nargenicin (1 μM) inhibits cytokine expression and nitric oxide production induced by LPS.[3] Nargenicin (200 μM), when used in combination with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or all-trans retinoic acid , reduces cell proliferation by 37-47% and increases cell differentiation by 82-85% in HL-60 human myeloid leukemia cells.[4]

O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin is a metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and COX inhibitor indomethacin .1It is formed from indomethacin in isolated rabbit hepatocytes. O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin (600 μM) decreases the viability of HL-60 leukemia cells when cultured with glucose oxidase.2It has also been used in the synthesis of prostaglandin D2receptor antagonists.3 1.Evans, M.A., Papazafiratou, C., Bhat, R., et al.Indomethacin metabolism in isolated neonatal and fetal rabbit hepatocytesPediatr. Res.15(11)1406-1410(1981) 2.Morgan, A.G.M., Babu, D., Michail, K., et al.An evaluation of myeloperoxidase-mediated bio-activation of NSAIDs in promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells for potential cytotoxic selectivityToxicol. Lett.28048-56(2017) 3.Torisu, K., Kobayashi, K., Iwahashi, M., et al.Discovery of new chemical leads for prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonistsBioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.14(17)4557-4562(2004)

TEI-9648, a Vitamin D3 Lactone analogue, is a potent and specific vitamin D receptor (VDR) antagonist. TEI-9648 inhibits VDR/VDRE-mediated genomic actions of 1α,25(OH)2D3. TEI-9648 also inhibits HL-60 cell differentiation induced by of 1α,25(OH)2D3. TEI-9648 has the potential for bone metabolism research[1][2]. TEI-9648 (10-1000 nM) dose-dependently blocks the reciprocal changes of CD11b and CD71 expression associated with HL-60 cell differentiation induced by 1α,25(OH)2D3[1]. TEI-9648 has consistently weaker suppressive effect than TEI-9647[1]. TEI-9648 can not induce cell differentiation even after treatment at 1 μM in HL-60 cell[1]. TEI-9648 alone can not induce activation of NBT-reducing activity or α-NB esterase activity. In contrast, TEI-9648 markedly suppresses the up-regulation induced by 1α,25(OH)2D3 (0.1 nM) in HL-60 cells[1]. [1]. Miura D, et al. Antagonistic action of novel 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26, 23-lactone analogs on differentiation of human leukemia cells (HL-60) induced by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 4;274(23):16392-9. [2]. Kazuya Takenouchi, et al. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of TEI-9647 derivatives as Vitamin D3 antagonists. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 May;89-90(1-5):31-4.