ethidium

Homidium Chloride is the chloride salt of ethidium (a fluorochrome), Ethidium Chloride intercalates within double-stranded nucleic acids, particularly DNA. In molecular biology, the bromide salt of ethidium is used to detect and visualize DNA after electrophoresis or in cytochemical preparations. In veterinary pharmacology, it is used as a trypanosomicide. Ethidium bromide and chloride are toxic substances and potent noncompetitive antagonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

Phenanthridine (菲啶) 是一种含氮杂环化合物。Phenanthridine 作为荧光染料的骨架结构，可嵌入DNA并与之结合，从而使核酸电泳后的凝胶能够显示核酸的相对位置，例如核酸染料溴化乙锭和碘化丙啶。Acridine 是 Phenanthridine 的同分异构体。应用于生态毒性研究。用于旋转光谱学研究和射电天文观测。作为染料应用于生物和化学传感器。

Homidium Free Base is a trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.

Timcodar mesylate (VX-853-2)与其类似物VX-710是抑制哺乳动物多药耐药性的关键物质，能够有效阻止金黄色葡萄球菌中溴化乙锭的外排。这种化合物通过抑制细菌的外排泵机制，有助于提升抗生素的效力，并可能显著降低对革兰阳性病原体如金黄色葡萄球菌、肠球菌以及肺炎链球菌的抗生素最小抑制浓度。