all-trans-retinal

All-trans-retinal (Vitamin A aldehyde) 是视网膜中维生素A 代谢物之一。 生理条件下，它再生为视觉发色团，11-顺式-视黄醛。

11-cis Retinal is a chromophore that binds to opsin in the mammalian visual system as an inverse agonist forming the inactive conformation of rhodopsin. When 11-cis retinal absorbs a photon of light, it isomerizes to form all-trans retinal beginning the phototransduction cycle, which is the basis for mammalian vision. A G121L mutation in opsin allows 11-cis retinal to bind as a partial agonist and activate rhodopsin in the absence of light. In a moth model of carotenoid deficiency-induced low visual sensitivity, 11-cis retinal application to compound eyes restored visual sensitivity almost completely.