adp-glucose

ADP-Glucose (ADPG) is an immediate precursor used in the biosynthesis, by glucose addition, of storage polysaccharides in plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, as well as structural polysaccharides in certain bacteria.[1],[2] It is used by amylose synthases or starch synthases in plastids in the production of amylose, amylopectins, starch, and other polysaccharides. ADPG is normally generated within plastids, although it can be biosynthesized in the cytoplasm of certain grasses and imported into plastids by a membrane-bound transporter.[3]

D-Ribose(mixture of isomers) (D-(-)-Ribose) 是 ATP 的糖部分，可作为能量增强剂，被广泛用作慢性疲劳综合症和心肌能量代谢的代谢疗法补充剂。它在蛋白质糖化中具有特性，能够 RAGE 依赖的方式诱导 NF-Κb 炎症。

ADP-Specificglucokinase，一种嗜热古细菌中表达的 ADP 特异性葡萄糖激酶，主要功能是催化葡萄糖转化为葡萄糖-6-磷酸，从而推动糖酵解过程。此外，ADP-Specificglucokinase 在免疫调节中也扮演角色，能激活 T 细胞并增强巨噬细胞的吞噬能力。该酶在研究代谢性疾病、神经系统疾病及肿瘤方面具有潜在应用价值。