Xanthine amine congener dihydrochloride (XAC dihydrochloride), a potent antagonist for both Adenosine A1 and A2 receptors, exhibits IC50 values of 1.8 nM for A1 and 114 nM for A2 receptors. Additionally, it functions as a convulsant agent in mouse models.

A1 receptor:1.8 nM (IC50), A2 receptor:114 nM (IC50)

Xanthine amine congener dihydrochloride is more potent as a convulsant than either caffeine or theophyllin in infusion studies at the dosage 39.8 mg/kg. XAC has no effects by administering the drug via an i.p. injection, the seizure threshold >1000 mg/kg[1]. Animal Model: Mice[1]Dosage: 39.8 mg/kg Administration: Infusion injection; single dose Result: Acted as a convulsant agent than either caffeine or theophyllin.