d20:1

Sphingosines are long-chain base precursors of cellular sphingolipids used directly in the synthesis of ceramide, which in combination with sialic acid forms ganglioside. Sphingosine can exist in four stereoisomers, however only sphingosine occurs naturally. Compared to other sphingolipids throughout the body, which are predominantly composed of C-18 sphingosine, only central nervous system (CNS) gangliosides contain significant amounts of sphingosine. The concentration of sphingosine within mammalian brain gangliosides apparently increases with developmental maturation. Furthermore, the ratio of C-18 to C-20 sphingosine in the brain is thought to be related to some nervous system degeneration processes.

Sphingosine (d20:1) (Standard) 是一种可用于分析的标准物质，通常用作 Sphingosine (d20:1) 的研究和分析中参考的标准样品。Sphingosines 是细胞鞘脂的长链基本成分，可直接用于合成神经酰胺，而神经酰胺与唾液酸结合后会形成神经节苷脂。鞘氨醇可以存在四种立体异构体中，但自然界中只存在一种天然存在的形式。与其他全身的鞘脂相比，这些鞘脂主要由 C-18 鞘氨醇组成，而只有中枢神经系统（CNS）的神经节苷脂含有大量的鞘氨醇。哺乳动物大脑神经节苷脂中的鞘氨醇浓度似乎会随着发育成熟而增加。此外，大脑中 C-18 鞘氨醇与 C-20 鞘氨醇的比例被认为与某些神经系统退化过程有关。

Terbinafine hydrochloride (KWD 2019) 具有抗真菌感染活性。它是念珠菌属的角鲨烯环氧化酶的非竞争性抑制剂，Ki 值为 30 nM。它还对某些革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌具有抗菌活性。

CID 2011756 是一种具有抗肿瘤活性的ATP 竞争性广谱PKD 抑制剂，对 PKD1 的IC50值为 3.2 µM，在细胞中对 PKD2 和 PKD3 的IC50值分别为 0.6 和 0.7 µM。

Vistusertib (AZD2014) 是一种ATP 竞争性的mTOR 抑制剂，IC50为 2.81 nM。它抑制mTORC1和mTORC2复合物。

CACPD2011a-0001278239 是一种β2AR混合激动剂，显示出对野生型和T164I β2AR变体的广泛高亲和力结合，并且没有细胞毒性和致突变性，适用于哮喘研究。

HA-22 is a Ca(2+)-channel blocker.

CD2019 is a retinoic acid receptor beta (rarbeta) agonist, overcoming inhibition of axonal outgrowth via phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling in the injured adult spinal cord.

Sphinganine (d20:0) is a natural isomer of dihydro-D-erythro-sphinganine (sphinganine (d18:0); that is a precursor of ceramide and sphingosine as well as a substrate for sphingosine kinases, which generate sphingosine-1-phosphate (d18:1) . In S. cerevisiae, the amount of sphinganine (d20:0) increases 10.8-fold in response to heat stress, indicating it is involved in heat stress adaptation. Sphinganine levels increase significantly in response to certain mycotoxins, including fumonisins as well as in some cancers. Sphinganine can block protein kinase C activation in some cases but not others.

Ganglioside GM1是一种单唾液酸化神经节苷脂，是含有一个唾液酸的原型神经节苷脂。C18 Ganglioside GM1主要存在于大脑的梨状皮质、杏仁核、纹状体和海马CA1区。在阿尔茨海默症患者的死后组织中，C18 ganglioside GM1 (d20:1/18:0)与C18 ganglioside GM1 (d18:1/18:0)的比例在海马齿状回外分子层中减少。由于该产品源自天然，因此鞘氨醇骨架可能会有所变化。[Matreya, LLC.]