chloroquine

Chloroquine 是一种 Toll 样受体抑制剂，可以抑制自噬。Chloroquine 具有抗疟疾和抗炎活性，广泛用于治疗疟疾和类风湿性关节炎。Chloroquine 还具有抗 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) 活性、抗 HIV-1 活性。

Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen phosphate) 是广泛用于疟疾和类风湿性关节炎的抗疟疾和抗炎剂。它是autophagy 和toll-like receptors 抑制剂，有效抑制SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) 感染 (EC50=1.13 μM)。

Cletoquine 是 Hydroxychloroquine 的主要活性代谢物。 Cletoquine 具有对抗基孔肯雅病毒 (CHIKV) 的能力。 Cletoquine 具有抗疟作用，并具有治疗自身免疫性疾病的潜力。

Chloranthalactone C(金粟兰内酯 C)是来自于Chloranthus serratus的天然倍半萜，对Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum DD2的IC50＞25 nM。

19,20-Epoxycytochalasin D is a fungal metabolite that has been found in the endophytic fungus Nemania sp. UM10M. It is active against the chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant strains of P. falciparum (MIC = 0.4 ng/ml for both) without inducing cytotoxicity in Vero cells. It is cytotoxic to BT-549, LLC-PK11, and P388 cells (IC50s = 7.84, 8.4, and 0.16 µM, respectively) but not SK-MEL, KB, or SKOV3 cells up to a concentration of 10 µM.

Violacein is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from C. violaceum that has antibacterial and antiprotozoal activities.[1] [2] It is produced by C. violaceum as a purple pigment in response to N-hexanoyl homoserine lactone , a property that has been modified to create a strain of C. violaceum used in detecting quorum-sensing molecules.[3] Violacein is active against Gram-positive bacteria, including B. subtilis and S. aureus (MICs = 0.8 and 1.6 µM, respectively). It is also active against P. falciparum, including chloroquine-susceptible and -resistant strains (IC50s = 0.85 and 0.63 µM, respectively).[2] It reduces parasitemia in a mouse model of nonlethal P. chabaudi chabaudi infection when administered at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg and increases survival in a mouse model of lethal P. chabaudi chabaudi infection. Violacein permeabilizes the cytoplasmic membrane of bacterial cells but does not affect the cell wall.[1]

(-)-Catechin gallate ((-)-Catechin 3-O-gallate) 是绿茶儿茶素中的微量组分，可抑制COX-1和COX-2活性。它抑制人 Beta-secretase，对氯喹敏感的恶性疟原虫 NF54 和耐氯喹的恶性疟原虫 K1 具有抗疟原虫活性。

(-)-Catechin gallate (Standard) 是 (-)-Catechin gallate 的标准品。适用于定量分析、质量控制及生化实验等相关研究。(-)-Catechin gallate ((-)-Catechin 3-O-gallate) 是绿茶儿茶素中的微量组分，可抑制COX-1和COX-2活性。它抑制人 Beta-secretase，对氯喹敏感的恶性疟原虫 NF54 和耐氯喹的恶性疟原虫 K1 具有抗疟原虫活性。

Betulinic acid methyl ester是一种天然产物，对小鼠B16 2F2黑色素瘤细胞具有生长抑制作用(IC50=4.9 μM)。

Magnolioside 是分离自Angelica gigas Nakai(Umbelliferae) 中，对谷氨酸诱导的毒性有显著的神经保护作用。 它显示出对金黄色葡萄球菌 CIP 53.154 的中等抗菌活性。它具有抗疟原虫活性，对氯喹敏感的恶性疟原虫菌株具有强烈的生长抑制作用。

Canophyllal shows antiplasmodial activity against the W2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum which is resistant to chloroquine and other antimalarial drugs.

Dehydroabietinol (Pomiferin A) 在体外抑制红细胞中的氯喹敏感及氯喹抵抗型疟原虫，IC50为26-27 μM.

Garcinone E is active constituents in the anticomplement assay used. Garcinone E exhibits potent activity in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant strain W2, with IC50 values below 3 µM. It has potent cytotoxic effect on all hepatocellular carcinomas cell lines as well as on the other gastric and lung cancer cell lines included in the screen, may be potentially useful for the treatment of certain types of cancer.

(-)-Heraclenol shows in vitro anti-plasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum.(-)-Heraclenol has moderate antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Longistylin A and longistylin C show some cytotoxic effects, with IC(50) values of 0.7-14.7 microM against the range of cancer cell lines. Longistylin A and longistylin C, and betulinic acid show a moderately high in vitro activity against the chloroquine

Puberulic acid 对 Plasmodium falciparum K1 (chloroquine-resistant) 的 IC50 为 0.050 µM，显示抗疟疾活性。该化合物可从 Penicillium viticola 中分离。

Melicopine 是一种存在于Z. simulans中的生物碱，具有抗疟疾和抗癌特性。它对氯喹敏感的3D7和对氯喹耐药的Dd2期P. falciparum表现出抑制作用，IC50分别为29.7和33.7 µg/mL。对于前列腺癌细胞PC-3M和LNCaP，Melicopine表现出细胞毒性，IC50分别为47.9和37.8 µg/mL，但对非癌性HEK293细胞无效 (IC50大于100 µg/mL)。Melicopine有潜力用于抗癌和抗感染研究。

Warangalone is an anti-malarial compound that can inhibit the growth of both strains of parasite 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) and K1 (chloroquine-resistant) with IC50s of 4.8 μg/mL and 3.7 μg/mL, respectively.