3t3-l1 cell

Ketoprofen (RP-19583) 是一种非甾体抗炎剂，能够有效地抑制COX 的活性，在人血单核细胞中，对 COX-1 和 COX-2 的IC50值分别为 2 nM 和 26 nM。

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) 属于茶类黄酮天然产物，可抑制 EGFR 信号传导，抑制 GLUD 1 2。(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate 具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗肿瘤活性。(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate 可以通过激活细胞色素 c 氧化酶来诱导氧化磷酸化。

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) 属于黄酮类天然产物，抑制流感病毒复制 (EC50=24.7 μM)，也抑制 aldose reductase 的活性 (IC50=320 nM)。Isoliquiritigenin 具有抗肿瘤的活性。

Baicalein (5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone) 属于黄酮类天然产物，是一种黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂，一种 CYP2C9 的抑制剂，也是一种脯氨酰内肽酶抑制剂。Baicalein 具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌等活性。

Berberine (Umbellatine) 属于生物碱类天然产物，可以激活 AMPK、抑制 DNA 拓扑异构酶、诱导 ROS 生成。Berberine 具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、降血糖、降血脂等生物学活性。

L-Chicoric Acid (trans-Caffeoyltartaric acid) 是一种二咖啡酰酒石酸，是一种选择性可逆的 HIV-1 整合酶抑制剂，IC50约为 100 nM。它还可抑制 HIV-1 复制。

4 -C18 EGCG 是一种高效抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的化合物，其IC50值为3.74和0.81 μM，分别显示出强效。该化合物能够抑制碳水化合物水解酶，减轻氧化应激和炎症，展现出抗糖尿病的潜力。此外，4 -C18 EGCG 还通过下调促炎细胞因子，对原代人外周血单核细胞（PBMC）、非癌细胞系如3T3-L1和HEK 293，显示出高达50 μM的细胞毒性。

4''-C18 EGCG 具备高效的抑制作用，针对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶，其 IC50 值分别为 3.74 μM 和 0.81 μM。该化合物通过抑制碳水化合物水解酶来降低氧化应激和炎症，展现出抗糖尿病的活性。此外，4''-C18 EGCG 还能下调促炎细胞因子，对原代人外周血单核细胞 (PBMC)、3T3-L1 和 HEK 293 非癌细胞系的细胞毒性为 50 μM。

Wnt β-catenin activator 1 (Compound 5m) 是一种有效的口服Wnt β-catenin信号激活剂，其功能包括在G1期阻滞细胞周期、抑制脂肪细胞早期增殖，并在3T3-L1细胞中抑制脂肪生成，IC50为330 nM。在高脂饮食喂养的叙利亚金黄仓鼠模型中，Wnt β-catenin activator 1 展现了抗脂肪生成和抗血脂异常的活性。

Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative derived from G. officinalis, plays a role in inducing weight loss in mice and has contributed to the development of biguanides, including metformin and phenformin. This compound stimulates AMPK activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, L6 myotubes, H4IIE rat hepatoma, and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Additionally, galegine hydrochloride exhibits antibacterial properties, particularly demonstrating a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg L against Staphylococcus aureus strains[1][2].

MD001 is a dual agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ.1 It binds to PPARα and PPARγ (Kds = 9.55 and 0.14 μM, respectively) but does not bind to PPARβ/δ at concentrations up to 500 μM. It increases transcriptional activity of PPARα and PPARγ in a cell-based luciferase reporter assay when used at a concentration of 10 μM. MD001 (10 μM) increases expression of PPARα, PPARγ, and retinoid X receptor (RXR), as well as PPARα and PPARγ target genes, in HepG2 cells. It increases glucose consumption as well as expression of GLUT2 and GLUT4 in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. MD001 (20 mg/kg) decreases levels of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, triglycerides, LDL, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in blood and reduces the size and number of hepatic lipid droplets in diabetic db/db mice.References1. Kim, S.-H., Hong, S.H., Park, Y.-J., et al. MD001, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ agonist, improves glucose and lipid metabolism. Sci. Rep. 9(1), 1656 (2019). MD001 is a dual agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ.1 It binds to PPARα and PPARγ (Kds = 9.55 and 0.14 μM, respectively) but does not bind to PPARβ/δ at concentrations up to 500 μM. It increases transcriptional activity of PPARα and PPARγ in a cell-based luciferase reporter assay when used at a concentration of 10 μM. MD001 (10 μM) increases expression of PPARα, PPARγ, and retinoid X receptor (RXR), as well as PPARα and PPARγ target genes, in HepG2 cells. It increases glucose consumption as well as expression of GLUT2 and GLUT4 in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. MD001 (20 mg/kg) decreases levels of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, triglycerides, LDL, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in blood and reduces the size and number of hepatic lipid droplets in diabetic db/db mice. References1. Kim, S.-H., Hong, S.H., Park, Y.-J., et al. MD001, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ agonist, improves glucose and lipid metabolism. Sci. Rep. 9(1), 1656 (2019).

Ternatin is a cyclic heptapeptide first isolated from the mushroom C. versicolor that has been shown to have cytotoxic and anti-adipogenic effects in vitro. It inhibits adipogenesis with an IC50 value of 27 nM and becomes cytotoxic to 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes at 10-fold higher concentrations. Ternatin is reported to inhibit HCT116 cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 71 nM. Note that this metabolite should not be confused with the plant flavonoid of the same name.