Aviculin, a lignan glycoside, exhibits significant anticancer properties, particularly in inhibiting the metabolic activity of MCF-7 cells to below 50%, with an IC 50 value of 75.47 μM. It promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, enhancing the expression of initiator caspase-9, executioner caspase-7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Furthermore, Aviculin leads to an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, underlying its potential as an effective anticancer agent.