x-ray

Iopamidol (SQ-13396) 是一种 benzenedicarboxamide 化合物。它具有放射性不透明介质、环境污染物和异种生物的作用。

Sodium diatrizoate是一种碘化不透射线 X 射线造影剂，在血管造影、尿路造影和放射造影中用作诊断辅助工具。它可通过钙失调诱导线粒体更新和氧化应激，激活细胞凋亡。

Diatrizoic Acid (Amidotrizoic acid) 是一种有机碘化不透射线 X 射线造影剂，用于放射诊断，具有对气道进行放射照相成像的潜力。它通过钙失调诱导线粒体更新和氧化应激，激活细胞凋亡。

Iohexol 是一种 X 射线造影剂，含有不同浓度的碘海醇，可用于多种成像的造影。

Triphenyl bismuth (NSC-465) 是一种添加剂，用于使生物医学树脂在 X 射线图像上可见，并可用作骨科骨水泥的不透射线剂。

Diatrizoate meglumine (Renocal) 是泛影酸盐的葡甲胺盐，它是一种有机的、碘化的、不透射线的 X 射线造影剂，用于放射诊断。

Acetrizoic acid (Urokon) 是小分子化合物，可用作显影剂。

IDX375作为一种非核苷类抑制剂，能够选择性地抑制HCV NS5B的活性。此化合物对1a和1b基因型显示出较高的选择性。通过X射线共晶技术，已确认IDX375的结构及其结合位点。

ACP6-12是一种ClpP激活剂和抗生素。与初始化合物ACP1-06相比，其活性提升超过10倍，且通过ClpP的共晶X射线结构验证了其预期的结合构象。这为不同配体类别如何结合到疏水结合位点提供了参考。

Antipain dihydrochloride (Antipain 2HCl) 是一种从 Actinomycetes 提取到的蛋白酶抑制剂，具有镇痛活性，抑制 X 射线诱导的人淋巴细胞染色体畸变。

CP 85339 is an aspartic acid protease inhibitor for X-ray analysis of peptide-renin complexes.

Tyropanoate Sodium 是一种放射性造影剂，用于胆囊造影(x 线诊断胆结石)。

WIN-68056 is a wetting agent in x-ray contrast compositions.

Thiocoraline is a depsipeptide and DNAbis-intercalator originally isolated fromMicromonosporawith antibacterial and anticancer activities.1,2It is active against the Gram-positive bacteriaS. aureus,B. subtilis, andM. luteus(MICs = 0.05, 0.05, and 0.03 μg ml, respectively) but not Gram-negativeE. coli,K. pneumoniae, orP. aeruginosa(MICs = >100 μg ml for all).1Thiocoraline inhibits RNA and DNA polymerase and thymidylate synthase (IC50s = 6, 6, and 15 μg ml, respectively), as well as RNA and DNA synthesisin vitro(IC50s = 0.008 and 0.4 μg ml, respectively). It is cytotoxic to P388, A549, HT-29, and MEL-28 cancer cells (IC50s = 0.002, 0.002, 0.01, and 0.002 μg ml, respectively). 1.Romero, F., Espilego, F., Pérez Baz, J., et al.Thiocoraline, a new depsipeptide with antitumor activity produced by a marine Micromonospora. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, and biological activitiesJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)50(9)734-737(1997) 2.Negri, A., Marco, E., García-Hernández, V., et al.Antitumor activity, X-ray crystal structure, and DNA binding properties of thiocoraline A, a natural bisintercalating thiodepsipeptideJ. Med. Chem.50(14)3322-3333(2007)

Zonisamide-13C2,15N is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of zonisamide by GC- or LC-MS. Zonisamide is an antiepileptic agent.1 It selectively inhibits the repeated firing of sodium channels (IC50 = 2 μg ml) in mouse embryo spinal cord neurons and inhibits spontaneous channel firing when used at concentrations greater than 10 μg ml.2 In rat cerebral cortex neurons, zonisamide (1-1,000 μM) inhibits T-type calcium channels with a maximum reduction of 60% of the calcium current.3 Zonisamide inhibits H. pylori recombinant carbonic anhydrase (CA) and the human CA isoforms I, II, and V with Ki values of 218, 56, 35, and 21 nM, respectively.4,5 In mice, it has anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and pentylenetetrazole-induced maximal, but not minimal, seizures (ED50s = 19.6, 9.3, and >500 mg kg, respectively). Zonisamide (40 mg kg, p.o.) prevents MPTP-induced decreases in the levels of dopamine , but not homovanillic acid or dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid , and increases MPTP-induced decreases in the dopamine turnover rate in mouse striatum in a model of Parkinson's disease.6 Formulations containing zonisamide have been used in the treatment of partial seizures in adults with epilepsy. |1. Masuda, Y., Ishizaki, M., and Shimizu, M. Zonisamide: Pharmacology and clinical efficacy in epilepsy. CNS Drug Rev. 4(4), 341-360 (1998).|2. Rock, D.M., Macdonald, R.L., and Taylor, C.P. Blockade of sustained repetitive action potentials in cultured spinal cord neurons by zonisamide (AD 810, CI 912), a novel anticonvulsant. Epilepsy Res. 3(2), 138-143 (1989).|3. Suzuki, S., Kawakami, K., Nishimura, S., et al. Zonisamide blocks T-type calcium channel in cultured neurons of rat cerebral cortex. Epilepsy Res. 12(1), 21-27 (1992).|4. Nishimori, I., Vullo, D., Minakuchi, T., et al. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Cloning and sulfonamide inhibition studies of a carboxyterminal truncated α-carbonic anhydrase from Helicobacter pylori. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16(8), 2182-2188 (2006).|5. De Simone, G., Di Fiore, A., Menchise, V., et al. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Zonisamide is an effective inhibitor of the cytosolic isozyme II and mitochondrial isozyme V: Solution and X-ray crystallographic studies. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15(9), 2315-2320 (2005).|6. Yabe, H., Choudhury, M.E., Kubo, M., et al. Zonisamide increases dopamine turnover in the striatum of mice and common marmosets treated with MPTP. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 110(1), 64-68 (2009).

12-Bromododecanoic acid, a halogenated derivative of lauric acid, serves in the synthesis of clickable myristic acid derivatives and functions as a model fatty acid ligand for elucidating the X-ray crystal structure of bovine β-lactoglobulin-ligand complexes. This compound, at a concentration of 10 µg ml, has been shown to diminish virion DNA in the culture supernatant of primary hepatocytes from a duckling model of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and exhibits inhibitory activity against HIV replication in CEM-SS T cells with an EC50 value of 38 µM.

Anti-mouse CTLA-4 CD152 Nanobody 抗体可用于Neutralisation,ELISA, Flow cytometry, X-ray crystallography等相关的研究。

Lead (II) iodide 可作为光电池 X 射线和 γ 射线探测器的材料。

Hexaethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether 是一种非离子表面活性剂，属于聚乙二醇（PEG）醚家族。其具有亲水头部和亲脂尾部，适用于多种用途。Hexaethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether 常用于膜蛋白研究，以溶解和稳定蛋白质，能够用于结构分析技术如 X 射线晶体学和电子显微镜。除此之外，它还广泛应用于其他工业和研究领域，如药物输送系统、纳米技术以及诊断分析。由于其独特的性质，能有效促进具有不同物理化学性质的分子之间的相互作用。