mapk 12

AS1940477 is p38 MAPK inhibitor. AS1940477 inhibited the enzymatic activity of recombinant p38α and β isoforms but showed no effect against other 100 protein kinases including p38γ and δ isoforms. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, AS1940477 inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or phytohemagglutinin A (PHA)-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 at low concentrations (LPS TNFα, IC(50)=0.45n M; PHA TNFα, IC(50)=0.40 nM). In addition, equivalent concentrations of AS1940477 that inhibited cytokine production also inhibited TNFα- and IL-1 β-induced production of IL-6, PGE(2), and MMP-3 in human synovial stromal cells. AS1940477 was also found to potently inhibit TNF production in whole blood (IC(50)=12 nM) and effectively inhibited TNFα production induced by systemically administered LPS in rats at less than 0.1mg kg (ED(50)=0.053 mg kg) with an anti-inflammatory effect lasting for 20h after oral administration. Overall, this stu......

12(S)-HHT(12(S)-HHTrE)是通过环氧化酶（COX）的花生四烯酸代谢途径生成的脂肪酸，是BLT2的内源性配体和激动剂，12(S)-HHT BLT2轴在维持上皮组织稳态方面和炎症反应中起作用。12-HHT通过上调MKP-1抑制p38 MAPK NF-κB通路，导致UVB照射的HaCaT细胞的IL-6合成减少。

12(S)-HETE 是花生四烯酸的12-脂氧合酶代谢产物，对癌细胞增殖具有促有丝分裂作用，可增强血管紧张素 II 诱导的 BLT2 收缩（白三烯 B4小鼠动脉中 2 型受体）和 TP （血栓素受体） 介导的机制。12(S)-HETE促进动脉内皮细胞中超氧化物和异血栓素样代谢物的产生。

Apelin-12 acetate 对 APJ 受体具有高亲和力。 Apelin-12 acetate 抑制凋亡相关 MAPKs 家族的 JNK 和 p38 MAPK 信号通路，从而为神经元提供保护。