cefoxitin

Cefoxitin (Rephoxitin) 是一种广谱的、可口服的第二代头孢霉素类抗生素。Cefoxitin 干扰细菌细胞壁的合成。其活性谱包括革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性菌，通常用于腹腔感染、盆腔感染和某些类型的妇科感染等腹部，对厌氧菌具有高效性。

Cefoxitin sodium (Betacef) 是一种头霉素类抗生素。Cefoxitin 干扰细胞壁合成。它对革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性菌有活性。

Cefminox (Sodium) is a new cephamycin antibiotic possessing a D-amino acid moiety derived from D-cysteine at the C-7B side chain. Cefminox is active against a wide range of bacteria, especially Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria. Cefminox shows excellent in vivo efficacy (ED50) which is higher than would be expected from its in vitro activity (MIC). Moreover, cefminox possesses more potent activity in suppression of bacterial regrowth than other cephems[1]. Cefminox (Sodium) was the most active beta-lactam, with an MIC at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50) of 1.0 microg ml and an MIC90 of 16.0 microg ml. Cefminox was especially active against Bacteroides fragilis (MIC90, 2.0 microg ml), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (MIC90, 4.0 microg ml), fusobacteria (MIC90, 1.0 microg ml), peptostreptococci (MIC90, 2.0 microg ml), and clostridia, including Clostridium difficile (MIC90, 2.0 microg ml)[2]. The use of a single preoperative dose of cefminox was similar in efficacy to 3 doses of cefoxitin administered every 4 hours, and that the serum and tissue concentrations attained provide adequate antibiotic coverage[3]. Moreover, cefminox as a dual agonist of IP (Prostacyclin receptor) and PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma) that significantly inhibits PASMC proliferation by up-regulation of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) and cAMP ( cyclic adenosine monophosphate), suggesting that it has potential for treatment of PAH(pulmonary arterial hypertension)[4].