Trazodone exhibits a range of bioactivities and pharmacokinetic properties, signifying its potential multi-target therapeutic effects. It possesses a low unbound fraction in plasma (Fu = 0.07) and tissues (Fu = 0.03), indicative of high protein binding. Its volume of distribution in humans is moderate (Vdss = 1.0 L.kg-1), indicating it distributes into tissues effectively. The compound has a slightly basic dissociation constant with a pKa value between 6.7 and 6.79 and a moderate lipophilicity evidenced by log D values ranging from 2.54 to 2.99 at pH 7.4.
Pharmacologically, Trazodone shows moderate potency in displacing [3H]prazosin from the Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in the rat cerebral cortex with an IC50 value of 281.0 nM. It also inhibits Batrachotoxinin binding to voltage-dependent sodium channels, displaying an inhibition of 26.2% at 10 uM and 79.6% at 100 uM. Its bioactivity extends to various receptors including significant inhibition of 5-HT2A, alpha-1 adrenergic, and sigma opioid receptors, moderate inhibition of serotonin and dopamine receptors, and negligible inhibition of norepinephrine and histamine receptors. Additionally, it shows a binding constant (Ki) of 223.87 nM to the rat brain 5-HT1A receptor and demonstrates bioactivity against serotonin, adrenergic, dopamine, histamine, and opioid receptors.
Trazodone exhibits significant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics, including oral bioavailability of over 80%, a half-life of approximately 7.3 hours when administered intravenously, and a hepatic clearance of 1.4 mL/min/kg. It demonstrates varying degrees of enzyme inhibition and transporter interactions, such as weak inhibition of human BSEP, MRP3, and MRP4 transporters.
Moreover, this compound has demonstrated inhibition in several enzymatic assays, including an IC50 greater than 20000.0 nM against SARS-CoV-2 cytotoxicity in VERO-6 cells. Its wide array of bioactivities covers inhibition of human FAAH, antagonism of drug-induced liver injury, and hepatotoxicity, suggesting extensive therapeutic or toxicological potential. Additionally, Trazodone interacts significantly with various signaling pathways, indicative of multi-faceted pharmacological effects..
Note: Summary generated by AI. Data source: ChEMBL 