Melianone exhibits antiviral activity (EC50s: 3-11μM) against three important human pathogens, belonging to the Flaviviridae family, West Nile virus, Dengue virus, and Yellow Fever virus.
Juvabione is the methyl ester of todomatuic acid, both of which are sesquiterpenes (C15) found in the wood of true firs of the genus Abies. They exist as part of a mixture of sesquiterpenes based on the bisabolane scaffold. Sesquiterpenes of this family,
(±)9-HpODE is a racemic mixture of the fatty acid hydroperoxide product (9(S)-HpODE) formed from lipoxygenase action on linoleic acid. It shows antimicrobial activity against various fungal and bacterial pathogens and thus may play a role in plant defense. In mammalian species, monocyte-induced oxidization of LDL generates significant amounts of esterified 9-HpODE, which is rapidly reduced to 9-HODE.