ganglioside gd3

Ganglioside GD3 disodium salt is a melanoma-associated antigen often targeted in immune therapy for melanomas.

Ganglioside GD3 is synthesized by the addition of two sialic acid residues to lactosylceramide and can serve as a precursor to the formation of more complex gangliosides by the action of glycosyl- and sialyltransferases. It induces apoptosis in HuT-78 cutaneous T cell lymphoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential when used at a concentration of 200 μM. Expression of ganglioside GD3 in GD3-negative SK-MEL-28-N1 malignant melanoma cells increases both cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. Ganglioside GD3-deficient adult mice exhibit progressive loss of the neural stem cell (NSC) pool and impaired neurogenesis. Ganglioside GD3 mixture contains ganglioside GD3 molecular species with C18:1 and C20:1 sphingoid backbones.

Ganglioside GD3 diammonium 是一种具有抗癌及神经保护作用的酸性鞘糖脂.它通过干扰线粒体通透性转换孔 (PTPC) 的功能来阻止癌细胞增殖,促使细胞凋亡 (apoptosis) 并触发caspase酶家族的激活.因此,Ganglioside GD3 diammonium 在癌症和神经退行性疾病的研究中有着重要应用.

GD3 Ganglioside sodium 是一种关键的神经节苷脂，主要存在于人类黑色素瘤中。它作为线粒体通透性的诱导剂，通过bcl-2控制的机制直接作用于线粒体。当死亡诱导受体集聚时，GD3 Ganglioside sodium 通过促进神经酰胺的快速合成，并随后触发细胞凋亡。

(-)-L-threo-PDMP is an enhancer of ganglioside biosynthesis. The (-)-L-threo-PDMP (1S,2S) isomer is the active stimulatory component of DL-threo-PDMP in contrast to (+)-D-threo-PDMP , which is an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthetase. (-)-L-threo-PDMP upregulates GM3, GD3, and GQ1b synthase levels, which are glycosyltransferases involved in ganglioside biosynthesis, and increases ganglioside levels in cells. It increases neurite outgrowth and synapse formation in vitro and improves retention of a long-term memory learned prior to forebrain ischemia in rats when administered following ischemia at a dose of 40 mg/kg per day.

Mitumomab是一种单克隆抗体，旨在模拟神经节苷脂GD3的免疫原性。该化合物主要应用于小细胞肺癌的研究。