extrusion

NBDHEX 是一种谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 P1-1 抑制剂，也是晚期自噬抑制剂。它诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，通过抑制 GST 的催化活性，避免抑制剂被特异性泵从细胞中排出，以及破坏 GSTP1-1和关键信号传导因子之间的相互作用，从而起到抗癌的作用。

Ophiobolin B is a sesterterpene Helminthosporium oryzae metabolite, inhibits proton extrusion from maize coleoptiles.

Istaroxime, also known as PST-2744, is a positive inotropic agent that mediates its action through inhibition of sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+ K+ ATPase). Na+ K+ ATPase inhibition increases intracellular sodium levels, which reverses the driving force of the sodium calcium exchanger, inhibiting calcium extrusion and possibly facilitating calcium entry. Additionally, Istaroxime increases intracellular calcium by improving the efficacy by which intracellular calcium triggers sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release, and by accelerating the inactivation state of L-type calcium channels, which allow for calcium influx.