competitor

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) 是神经代谢疾病 D-2-羟基戊二酸尿症中积累的主要代谢产物，可增加活性氧的产生。它是 α-酮戊二酸 (α-KG) 的弱竞争拮抗剂，可抑制多种α-KG 依赖性双加氧酶，Ki 为 10.87 mM。

Maribavir (GW257406X) 是一种可口服的苯并咪唑核苷化合物，具有抗巨细胞病毒的活性。

Transdermal Peptide is a 11-amino acid peptide, binds to Na+ K+-ATPase beta-subunit (ATP1B1), and enhances the transdermal delivery of many macromolecules. Transdermal Peptide (TD1) binds to ATP1B1, and mainly interacts with the C-terminus of ATP1B1 in yeast and mammalian cells. The interaction affects the expression and localization of ATP1B1 and epidermal structure, but can be antagonized by the exogenous competitor ATP1B1 or be inhibited by ouabain. Inhibition of Transdermal Peptide binding to ATP1B1 causes decreased delivery of macromolecular drugs across the skin[1]. [1]. Wang C, et al. Role of the Na(+) K(+)-ATPase beta-subunit in peptide-mediated transdermal drug delivery. Mol Pharm. 2015 Apr 6;12(4):1259-67.

Retronecine acts as the better competitor for the competitive inhibition of antibodies to Retronecine.