βmuricholic acid

β-Muricholic acid (β-MCA) is a murine-specific primary bile acid.[1],[2] Dietary administration of β-MCA reduces HMG-CoA reductase activity in liver microsomes from mice fed a high cholesterol and cholic acid diet.[3] Dietary administration of β-MCA also dissolves 100% of gallstones in a gallstone-susceptible mouse model of diet-induced cholesterol gallstones.[4]

α-Muricholic acid is the most abundant primary bile acid in rodents.

ω-Muricholic acid (ω-MCA) is a murine-specific secondary bile acid.

Tauro-β-muricholic Acid sodium is a endogenous metabolite, is a competitive and reversible antagonist of farnesoid X receptor (FXR)(IC50 of 40 μM).

Tauro-α-muricholic acid (TαMCA) is an antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR; IC50 = 28 μM) and a taurine-conjugated form of the murine-specific primary bile acid α-muricholic acid . TαMCA is common in rodents but has also been found in small amounts in human serum.

Tauro-ω-muricholic acid sodium (TωMCA sodium) 是一种tauro-α-muricholic acid 的类似物，是来源于肝脏的胆汁酸。Tauro-ω-muricholic acid sodium 能用作早发性新生儿败血症 (EOS) 和胆汁淤积的血清标志物。

Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) 为一种具有三羟基结构的胆汁酸，是FXR的竞争性、可逆拮抗剂，IC50值为40 μM。此外，Tauro-β-muricholic acid 能够通过维持线粒体膜电位来阻抑胆汁酸引起的肝细胞凋亡，发挥抗凋亡功能。